Most of the liver cancers in China occur on the basis of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can be considered a precancerous lesion of liver cancer. Cirrhosis itself is a benign disease, and if it is not combined with liver cancer and is actively and effectively controlled, it can survive for a long time if it does not progress to the decompensated stage. Once it is combined with liver cancer, however, it becomes a malignant disease with the risk of distant metastasis. Therefore, it is very important to distinguish cirrhotic nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma masses accurately at an early stage. Currently, oncological index examinations and imaging examinations are mainly used to distinguish the two and to detect liver cancer at an early stage. The most commonly used oncological index is the serum pseudofetoprotein (AFP) test. Under normal circumstances, the measurement value of cirrhosis is usually within the normal value or mildly elevated, and if it is mildly elevated, there is no significant change when it is rechecked, while the measurement value of liver cancer can be thousands of times higher than the normal level. In early stage liver cancer, if the AFP is mildly elevated, it will often be significantly higher than the previous one on re-examination, i.e., progressive increase. It should be reminded that only about two-thirds of liver cancer patients have elevated AFP and one-third of liver cancer patients have normal AFP. Therefore, a normal AFP cannot completely exclude liver cancer, and a mild elevation cannot confirm the diagnosis of liver cancer. In addition, some patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with normal AFP. Another tumor indicator, serum CA19-9, may be elevated. Therefore, AFP and CA19-9 are usually both checked together when doing liver cancer screening. The most common method of imaging examination is general ultrasound. It can see liver atrophy, thickened liver echogenicity and other signs of cirrhosis. If abnormal echogenic nodules in the liver are seen, further ultrasonography, enhanced CT or MRI are recommended to clarify the nature of the nodules. Since hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly supplied by hepatic artery, unlike normal liver which is supplied by portal vein, it can be seen on the image that the nodule has blood supply at the early stage, and when normal liver also has a large amount of blood supply, the nodule of hepatocellular carcinoma has less blood supply. If the diagnosis is still unclear, a special contrast agent Pulmonary can be used to enhance the MRI. This contrast agent can be taken up by normal liver cells but not by liver cancer cells, so it can accurately distinguish benign cirrhotic nodules from malignant liver cancer nodules.