1, direct violence: violence acts directly on the spine, causing fractures of the spinous process and the vertebral plate, fracture fragments into compression injury to the spinal cord, the spinal cord injury site and the site of the violence is the same. 2, open injury: more with the injury of the spine, mainly seen in gunshot, knife stabbing, explosive injury so that the blade, smash, impact and other direct action on the spine, so that the fracture or dislocation, and then the spinal cord is damaged, the injury and the external force of the site, the degree of injury is proportional to the size of the external force. It can occur in any part of the spinal cord, with the thoracic medulla being the most common. 3, spinal cord arterial and venous compression or injury: in the spinal cord compression or spinal cord substantial injury can be combined with spinal cord arterial and venous compression or injury, resulting in partial or transverse ischemia of the spinal cord If the ischemia time is too long, the spinal cord will be softened or necrosis, and the corresponding neurological symptoms and signs appear.