With the improvement of people’s living standard, the aesthetic concept has also improved. Interventional treatment of patent foramen ovale is popular among patients with patent foramen ovale because of the advantages of small incision, less bleeding, and quick recovery. Here we talk about the indications and contraindications of interventional surgery for patent foramen ovale. We will provide assistance to readers who need it. Before explaining the interventional procedure, let us first explain the principle of the pathogenesis of patent foramen ovale. In the 6th and 7th weeks of embryonic development, the septum of the atrium emits 2 septa, the septum that appears first is the primary septum or the first septum, and the septum that appears later is the secondary septum or the second septum. The primary septum grows in a semilunar shape from the dorsal wall of the atrial midline, grows toward the atrioventricular canal and fuses with the endocardial cushion, leaving a small hole at the caudal end of the atrioventricular septum, called the primary foramen. Before the primary foramen is closed, a hole is formed in the proximal cephalic portion of the primary septum, called the secondary foramen, which is the normal channel for blood during fetal life. At the same time, a sickle-shaped septum grows on the right side of the first septum from the atrial wall, called the secondary septum or the second septum, which does not continue to grow to separate the atrium midway to stop, the sickle-shaped depression is oval-shaped called the oval fossa, and the primary septum and secondary septum at the oval fossa fail to fuse with normal natural adhesions leaving a small gap called the oval foramen, which remains between the two with a width of about 1-6 mm and a fissure-like abnormal channel of about 7 mm in length that is not closed called the oval foramen unclosed. The indications for interventional treatment of patent foramen ovale are one of the following: ① PFO with or without atrial septal tumor, or with right-to-left shunt or TTE or TEE confirmed by contrast Valsalva action on venous acoustic imaging. ②PFO combined with unexplained cerebral embolism. (③PFO combined with unexplained TIA or intracranial ischemic lesion. ④PFO combined with unexplained extracranial thromboembolism. ⑤ PFO combined with cerebral infarction caused by thrombosis of the venous system. (6) Residual PFO after surgical closure of PFO. (7) Atrial septal tumor combined with multiforaminal atrial defect causing cerebral infarction. 2. Contraindications for interventional treatment of patent foramen ovale ①Any cerebral embolism that can be found, such as cardiogenic, peripheral vascular system, central nervous system, vasculitis, hypercoagulable state. ②Antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy is contraindicated such as severe bleeding conditions within 3 months, significant retinopathy, history of intracranial hemorrhage, significant intracranial disease. ③Inferior vena cava or pelvic vein thrombosis leading to complete obstruction, systemic or local infection, sepsis, intracardiac thrombosis. ④Pregnancy.