I. What is hematological disease
Hematological disease is a disease that mainly manifests by pathological changes in blood, blood-forming organs and blood-letting and clotting mechanisms.
The main components of blood: blood cells (white blood cells, fine cells, platelets), plasma (water, protein, dielectric, etc.).
Hematopoietic organs: red bone marrow.
Second, what are the common blood diseases
1. Blood disorders due to erythrocyte lesions.
Iron deficiency anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Aplastic anemia
Pure red blood cell aplastic anemia
Thalassemia (Thalassemia)
Paroxysmal sleep hemoglobinuria
Fibromatosis
Hereditary spherocytosis
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
2. Blood disorders with coagulation disorders caused by genetic factors or acquired bleeding disorders.
Hereditary hemorrhagic capillary dilation
Allergic purpura
Primary thrombocytopenic purpura
Hemophilia
3. Diseases with abnormal white blood cells due to various causes.
Leukopenia
Leukemia-like reactions
Infectious mononucleosis
4. Benign and malignant proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic system due to various causes.
True erythrocytosis
Thrombocythemia
Bone marrow fibrosis
Acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Chronic granulocytic leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Multiple myeloma
Lymphoma
Three, blood disease aura (suspected prodromal symptoms)
1.Atrophy, pallor, vapidity, drunkenness, purple and dark;
2, pale lips, dull lips, pale tongue, red tongue without coating (mirror tongue, beef tongue), purple dull tongue, blood blisters on the tongue, ulcers on the tongue;
3, conjunctiva pale, dull eyes (dark circles, dark eye areoles) white eyes blood spots, white eyes yellow dye;
2.Hair withering, brittle and bending, hair loss;
3, nails flattened and sunken, easy to fold and crack;
4, oral erosion, gum swelling, hyperplasia;
5, purpura, hematoma: skin bleeding spots or cyanotic plaques, minor stabbing, scratching that bleeding, collision and extrusion, subcutaneous will see a large area of cyanotic petechiae, hematoma;
6, bleeding: epistaxis, epistaxis, oral blood blisters, women with excessive menstruation like a crumbling injection, or regardless of the cycle of dripping;
7, urine color change: the whole blood urine, soy sauce-colored urine, light red urine (red wine colored urine), thick tea water-like urine;
8, fatigue, weakness, limbs are soft, lazy; palpitations, shortness of breath, especially when moving;
9, dizziness, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, ringing in the ears, deafness;
10.Frequent colds, or colds for a long time;
11, fever: low fever, high fever, intermittent fever, irregular fever;
12, bone pain: sternal, tibial pressure pain, joint pain in the limbs, toe pain, limping;
13, abdominal distension, epigastric mass (liver, spleen enlargement);
14, painless lymph node enlargement and masses in the neck, axilla and groin;
15, abnormal peripheral blood picture, accelerated blood sedimentation.
All of the above 1 to 7 are visible, and 8 to 14 are all that one can feel. As long as the brain is aware of the blood disease aspect and think of blood disease, you can seek medical consultation in time, so that blood disease can be detected early.
Fourth, blood disease and what factors are related
1.Environmental factors
(1)Physical factors
Ionizing radiation includes high-energy radiation, such as charged particles (a, p particles or protons), uncharged neutrons and electromagnetic radiation with very short wavelengths such as X-rays or r-rays
(2) Chemical factors
2.Infection factors
(1)Viral infection
(2)Bacterial infection
(3)Parasitic infection
3.Drug factors
(1)Myelosuppressive drugs
(2)Drugs and special constitution: small dose → allergy-like reaction → blood disease. Causes disease at certain doses, such as chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, cephalosporin antibiotics, etc.
(3)Psoriasis treatment drugs
(4)Chinese medicine
4.Dietary factors
(1)Nutrient deficiency: iron, copper, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin B6, vitamin B2, vitamin E, etc.
(2) Bad dietary habits: alcoholism, paranoia. Ethanol can act on different stages of platelets and cause thrombocytopenia.
5.Mental factors
6.Genetic factors
Five, four measures to prevent blood diseases
1.Strengthen protection, away from pollution
2.Comprehensive recuperation, enhance physical fitness
(1) Seasonal conditioning
(2)Diet conditioning
(3)Spiritual recuperation
(4) medication
(5) Exercise and recuperation
3.Understand the use of drugs to avoid harm
(1)Use cautiously for re-infarction
Antipyretic, analgesic and anti-rheumatic drugs: Pautazone, hydroxypautazone, aspirin, anti-inflammatory pain, aminopyrine, paracetamol, allopurinol;
Anti-infective drugs: chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, tetracycline, ampicillin;
Anti-malarials: Adipine, Chloroquine, Ethacrynic acid;
Anti-epileptic drugs: phenytoin sodium, mizoram (carbamazepine), hibernate (chlorpromazine);
Anti-diabetic drugs: tosylbutamide, chlorpropamide;
Anti-thyroid drugs: Tabazol, Methylphenidate, Methyl(propyl)thioxapyrimidine;
Sedative drugs: Sleeping, Librium, prochlorperazine, lithium carbonate;
Other: diuretics, meclizine, colchicine, etc. and various anti-tumor cytotoxic drugs.
(2) Thrombocytopenia is used with caution
Anti-arrhythmic drugs: quinidine sulfate;
Diuretics: chlorothiazole, chlorothiazide, tachyphylaxis, diclofenac sodium;
Sulfonamides: long-acting sulfanilamide, methamphetamine pyrimidine, sulfisoxazole;
Other antibiotics: aminobenzyl penicillin, cephalosporin I, chloramphenicol;
Anti-tuberculosis drugs: sodium para-aminosalicylate, high-dose rifampicin and high-dose ethambutol intermittent combination can also trigger thrombocytopenia;
Anti-rheumatic drugs: Protaxon, hydroxyprotaxon, aspirin.
Antidiabetic drugs: chlorosulfonylurea;
Anticoagulants: warfarin.
(3) Caution for leukopenia
Antipyretic and analgesic drugs: Aminophenazone, Anacin, Paracetamol, Depo-Provera;
Anti-rheumatic drugs: anti-inflammatory pain, Protaxon, aspirin, Raglan tablets;
Anti-psychotics: chlorpromazine, promethazine, Librium, sleep, fenadine, Valium;
Antimicrobial agents: chloramphenicol, sulfonamides (cotrimoxazole, long-acting sulfonamide), penicillin, aminobiotic penicillin, cephalosporins, neomycin, vancomycin, etc;
Anti-tuberculosis drugs: para-aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid, aminothiourea, rifampicin, etc;
Antitumor drugs: nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide, marineland, aminoglutethimide, cytarabine, cyclocytosine, adriamycin, mitomycin, erythromycin, etc;
Anti-thyroid drugs: methylthioxypyrimidine, propylthioxypyrimidine, tabazol, hyperthyroidism, etc;
Diuretics: dihydrocortisone, chlorothiazide, diuretic acid, etc;
Anti-arrhythmic drugs: Procainamide, Quinidine, Thaumatin;
Antidiabetic drugs: methylsulfonylurea, sulfadiazine, chlorpropamide, etc;
Others: penicillamine, barbiturates, methyldopa, levamisole, allopurinol, trimethoprim, ethosuximide, etc.
4.Focus on congenital selection of eugenics
Sixth, the treatment of hematological diseases
1.Hematological disease is not an incurable disease
2.Chinese medicine treatment has unique advantages
(1) Reliable efficacy, stable and lasting
(2) safe medicinal use, few toxic side effects
(3) Convenient treatment, low cost
(4) Selective induction of pathological cell reversal and apoptosis
3.The future of combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment is bright
Chemotherapy advantage: bite the lesion does not relax, chase and attack directly; the disease is broken potential decay, the success of the treatment has been frequently reported.
Toxic side effects of chemotherapy: injury to the stomach, injury to blood, injury to gas, injury to yin, heat toxicity upward attack, heat toxicity downward injection, in addition to this disease, leading to other diseases (allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplantation is even more so).
Combination of Chinese and Western medicine treatment advantages: to reduce/eliminate the toxic side effects of chemotherapy, for the smooth implementation of chemotherapy program “escort”, not only can give full play to the advantages of Western medicine to directly fold the disease, but also can give full play to the advantages of Chinese medicine treatment to protect the vital energy to preserve the whole truth, complementary advantages, “strong combination The advantages are complementary and “strong combination”, and the treatment effect can be significantly improved, showing the best effect of “1+1>2”.