Marked weight loss Marked weight loss is more common in patients and may be caused by decreased food intake due to comorbidities such as nausea, loss of appetite, and difficulty chewing and swallowing, although sometimes the cause is not clear. Weight loss is usually a gradual process that occurs over a number of years, and in a few patients may occur over a period of months or weeks. Adverse consequences of significant weight loss are weakness, decreased resistance, and susceptibility to disease. Countermeasures: I. Deal with the various factors that may cause weight loss. Pay attention to changes in body weight and take weight measurement once a week to detect changes in body weight in time so that timely measures can be taken. To measure whether your weight is appropriate or not, please refer to the height-appropriate weight chart listed above. Increase the amount of food you eat, and eat smaller and more frequent meals. Increased food should be mainly cereals and potatoes, and vegetable oil can also be used in cooking. Fourth, make weight gain gradually, aiming at a monthly weight gain of 0.5~1 kg. Loss of appetite Factors of mental depression or drugs may cause loss of appetite. If you are chronically depressed and have a loss of appetite, you should take the necessary medication under the guidance of your doctor. Countermeasures: I. Try to choose your favorite food and dishes based on the above dietary principles. Eat in a relaxing environment and atmosphere. Light music is helpful in promoting appetite. Do not force yourself to eat a lot of food at one meal. Four, you can arrange 3 main meals and 2-3 extra meals every day, the portion of main meals should not be too much, and choose carbohydrate-based snacks, such as pastries, cookies, cookies, and put the food in a position where it is easy to get. E. The increase in the amount of food should be gradual and should not be rushed. Difficulty in chewing and swallowing Difficulty in chewing and swallowing symptoms usually appear in patients in the middle and late stages. Countermeasures: i. Use the method of chopping and cooking food, or use a blender to make the food into homogenous paste. ii. Choose infant nutritional rice powder and other nutritional supplement products. Increase the frequency of meals. For severe cases, feeding through nasal tube should be adopted under the guidance of doctor or dietitian to support body nutrition. V. Chewing and swallowing function can be trained as follows: 1) Swallow more saliva and remember to swallow saliva before speaking; 2) A small amount of food in each mouth should be chewed slowly, and each mouthful of food should be swallowed for two times; 3) Drinking a small amount of water in each mouth should be drunk slowly. To prevent water from being sucked into the windpipe, do not tilt your head up when drinking; 4) When drinking through a straw, do not suck too quickly and drink a small amount of water per sip. Do not hold a straw too long in your mouth; 5) Do not talk when you have food in your mouth. Constipation Moisture and dietary fiber are equally important in controlling constipation. Dietary fiber increases stool volume, while water softens stool, and both work together to promote bowel movements. If you simply increase the intake of dietary fiber and ignore the water supplement, the feces will become more dry and difficult to discharge. Countermeasures: First, regular work and rest. Do a moderate amount of exercise every day to eliminate mental stress. Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, broth, fruit juice, etc. Eat more coarse grains (such as whole grain bread, oatmeal) and potatoes (potatoes, sweet potatoes). Fourth, eat more vegetables and fruits, especially fruits that contain more water. V. Do not abuse laxatives. Vitamin B Deficiency Vitamins that are more likely to be deficient are Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Niacin and Vitamin B12. In the past, the use of levodopa medication alone for treatment required a restriction of Vitamin B6 intake because Vitamin B6 interferes with the absorption of levodopa. Nowadays, the commonly used levodopa combination drugs (Xionin, Mebadol), due to the methyl dopa-hydrazine or benserazide component, so that the vitamin B6 interference with levodopa absorption is inhibited, so patients using Xionin, Mebadol no longer worry about restricting the intake of vitamin B6. Countermeasures: First, in accordance with the above dietary principles to organize the day’s meals. Choose foods fortified with multivitamin B. Third, choose appropriate multivitamin B supplements under the guidance of a physician or dietitian.