The birth of a new type of lens In 1966 Hopkins and Storz applied a new type of lens (also known as SELFOC) invented a rigid endoscope (Figure 3), the traditional lens has a single refraction coefficient, but the refraction coefficient of the SELFOC lens can be automatically changed with the irradiation radius and changes. At the same time, in order to obtain a suitable image, the traditional lens requires a series of conversion lenses and objective lenses for precise installation, while the new lens completely avoids the tediousness of successive lenses while ensuring the light source conduction, and also provides a broader field of view. The invention of CCDs CCDs (charge-coupled devices) marked a breakthrough in science and technology. 1969, in Bell Labs first invented CCDs, CCDs is a solid-state silicon chip components, to convert optical data into current frequency, charge coupling is both the electronic charge storage and conversion technology. CCDs ideal because it not only does not require strong light, easy installation CCDs are ideal because they do not require bright light, are easy to install, and can significantly improve imaging quality and reduce the size of endoscopic systems. Another important technological breakthrough is the invention of optical fibers. Optical fibers were first used around 1950-1960 and were widely used around 1970. In 1963, Scarff first used fiber optic light sources with external light sources in ventriculoscopy systems. As two of the most important factors in the development of endoscopy, the improvement of light source systems and the application of high-definition photographic systems have made neuroendoscopic technology appealing to neurosurgeons again. With the application of these technological innovations to modern endoscopic systems, neurosurgeons are beginning to revisit the importance of neuroendoscopy. The rebirth of neuroendoscopy Although cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery revolutionized the treatment of hydrocephalus, ventricular shunt surgery also led to a higher rate of complications, such as shunt system failure, infection, shunt tube displacement, and excessive shunting. Even at this stage, ventricular shunts still have a high complication rate and are the procedure with the highest failure rate in neurosurgery, prompting neurosurgical specialists to look for new treatment options. With improvements in the imaging quality of endoscopic systems, neuroendoscopy-assisted triple ventriculostomy for the treatment of obstructive hydrocephalus is once again on the radar of neurosurgeons. Endoscopic triple ventriculostomy is a direct drainage of cerebrospinal fluid into the subarachnoid space, which is more in line with the physiological circulation mechanism of human cerebrospinal fluid than ventricular shunts, and also avoids more complications associated with the placement of shunting devices. Currently, for obstructive hydrocephalus due to benign stenosis of the middle cerebral aqueduct or peri-occupation of the middle cerebral aqueduct, endoscopic-assisted triple ventriculostomy is the first procedure to be considered, with a success rate of 80-95%. Similarly, neuroendoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus due to occupancy of the pineal region and glioma of the midbrain parietal cap has obvious advantages. Endoscopic-assisted triple ventriculostomy is now the treatment of choice for obstructive hydrocephalus.