When it comes to mental illness, people tend to think of extreme hyperactivity, impulsivity, injury and destruction, and thus are fearful of such patients. In fact, this is only a minority of patients, and most patients have a wide range of symptoms, including sensitivity and suspicion, insomnia, anxiety, depression, hallucinations, delusions, compulsions, and some people deny the illness, and may experience babbling and disorderly behavior. In terms of treatment, for mild and moderate mental illnesses, medication can control the development of the disease; even for severe and refractory mental illnesses, symptoms can be alleviated or eliminated through minimally invasive surgery and other means. There are many kinds of refractory mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, anxiety disorder, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, mania, bipolar disorder, epilepsy-induced mental disorder, etc. The definition is: 1. 3 to 5 years of history of the disease, the application of three antipsychotic drugs in full doses, but the effect is still poor 2. 3. the patient can not tolerate the adverse effects of the drugs used 3. even with adequate maintenance or preventive treatment, the patient’s condition still relapses or worsens. The difficulty of treatment is reflected in the fact that the patient’s symptoms cannot be controlled by either western medicine, herbal medicine, psychological, rehabilitation or physical therapy. If such patients are over 18 years old and meet the above criteria, their families are advised to consider minimally invasive surgery as a treatment option. Minimally invasive surgery is inseparable from the rapid development of contemporary medical technology. With the emergence of brain CT, 3.0T-MRI-DTI, PET-CT, and intelligent robotics, the ultra-precision of the 5th generation of brain stereotactic and localization technology, i.e., millimeter-level localization, has also come into being. It has achieved a one-to-one correspondence between various psychiatric symptoms and different neurological nuclei in the brain, and has made the treatment of refractory psychiatric diseases simple and easy. Psychosurgery has now made a breakthrough, characterized by this type of surgery being more minimally invasive, precise, effective and safe. Can surgery cure mental illness? This is a question that concerns many families and is often consulted by doctors. Surgery can effectively control the symptoms of refractory mental illnesses and allow patients to integrate into their families and society as soon as possible. The so-called “cure” is just a good wish, because there is no cure for the disease in the world. American Dr. Trudeau once said: sometimes to cure; often to help; always to comfort. “To cure” is the basic duty and the highest pursuit of doctors. Because even if they spend more money, doctors cannot cure every patient, and “cure” is “time-bound”, not infinite. “Helping” is the essence of the doctor’s role. Doctors must use a variety of measures to help patients. “Comforting” is the human power of the doctor, which can psychologically help to relieve the patient’s burden, so that he or she can cooperate with the treatment and continue to live. The etiology of mental illness is unclear and complex. It is closely related to chromosomal abnormalities, perinatal brain injury, brain infections, intoxication, family and social environmental influences, and stimulation by malignant life events. These factors explain the intractability of intractable psychiatric disorders. The application of modern minimally invasive surgical techniques for the treatment of mental illnesses aims to compensate for situations where medication is ineffective or ineffective; it can also help patients who do not want to take medication or who have serious side effects from medication. With the long-term and continuous attention of doctors, families and the whole society, it is the fundamental purpose of surgery to let such patients gradually return to normal life and better integrate into their families and society. Only if everyone has a proper understanding and appreciation of mental illness can this type of difficult-to-treat disease be treated appropriately and effectively.