The length of time a nephrostomy tube is left in place needs to be determined by the patient’s recovery after surgery. If the patient has a normal body temperature, no postoperative infection and no obstruction of the fistula, the fistula can be removed in about 5-7 days. If there are still stones in the patient’s body after surgery, along with symptoms such as local bleeding and pelvic hypertension, it is necessary to consider delaying the removal of the fistula for 1-2 weeks to establish access for the nephrostomy tube to be left in place and to facilitate a second surgery. However, it is recommended not to leave the fistula in place for a long time to avoid bacterial infection. In addition, adjustments should be made depending on the cause of the disease and the actual situation during fistula drainage. When replacing the nephrostomy tube, attention should be paid to thorough disinfection to prevent infection, and the diet should be based on a lighter diet with less stimulating foods.