Malignant tumor is not an incurable disease, it can be treated, and many malignant tumors, especially early stage patients, can be cured. Many malignant tumors, especially early stage patients, can be cured. Once the disease is diagnosed, one should maintain an optimistic attitude and actively treat it. At present, the main treatment methods of malignant tumor are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are called the three major treatment methods of malignant tumor. There are many other methods such as biological therapy, thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, Chinese herbal medicine, etc., which play a certain role in tumor treatment. In the process of tumor treatment, we emphasize the planned comprehensive treatment and make scientific comprehensive treatment plan according to the disease type and stage, and strive to achieve the best treatment effect. Surgical treatment of tumors Surgical treatment of tumors is to remove tumor lesions through surgical methods to achieve the treatment purpose. Surgical removal of tumor is not restricted by biological characteristics, and most of the tumors that have not yet spread can be cured by surgery, and at the same time, surgery can understand the correct location of tumor and get the correct stage, so as to guide further treatment. Surgery is the preferred and effective treatment for most patients with early to mid-stage malignant tumors. However, it also has its own disadvantages, such as causing new trauma to patients; partial removal of normal tissues may produce certain functional disorders or sequelae; when the tumor infiltrates too much or invades important organs and large blood vessels, it is often inoperable or cannot be cured even if surgery is performed. Surgery is a local treatment for tumor, it cannot prevent the distant metastasis of cancer cells and destroy the cancer cells in circulating blood. Therefore, not all malignant tumors are suitable for surgical treatment. Chemotherapy for tumors Chemotherapy for tumors is referred to as chemotherapy, which means treating malignant tumors with chemical drugs. A variety of chemical drugs act on different aspects of cell growth and reproduction to inhibit or kill tumor cells to achieve the purpose of treatment. With the gradual increase of chemotherapeutic drugs, improvement of medication methods and accumulation of clinical experience, the clinical efficacy has been improved, and chemotherapy has transitioned from the previous palliative treatment to the radical treatment. In the past, chemotherapy was mainly systemic treatment, but now some tumors can be treated locally with chemical drugs, such as interventional therapy, to reduce or avoid the systemic toxic side effects of chemotherapy drugs. According to their chemical structure and mechanism of action, chemotherapeutic drugs can be divided into various types, including alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide and cyclic nitrosoureas; antimetabolites such as fluorouracil and cytarabine; antibiotics such as adriamycin and mitomycin; plants such as vincristine and paclitaxel; hormones and other types of drugs. All kinds of drugs are selectively combined together to form various chemotherapy regimens, or single drugs are used to treat various tumors. Radiation therapy for tumors Radiation therapy for tumors is referred to as radiotherapy. It is to kill tumor cells through ionizing radiation to achieve the purpose of tumor treatment. Radiotherapy plays an important role in the process of tumor treatment. According to statistics, about 70% of malignant tumors need radiotherapy. At present, there are three main types of radiation sources used in radiotherapy: α, β and γ rays produced by radionuclides; X-rays of different energies produced by X-ray treatment machines and various gas pedals; and plasma rays of electron beam, proton beam and neutron beam produced by various gas pedals. All the above mentioned rays have different degrees of tissue penetrating ability. When the rays pass through human tissue cells, ionization occurs inside the cells and destroys the cell structure, thus inhibiting or killing the tumor to achieve the purpose of tumor treatment. According to the different methods of radiotherapy, it can be divided into external irradiation, internal irradiation and internal irradiation with nuclide. Usually we refer to external irradiation radiotherapy. According to the condition, radiotherapy is divided into radical radiotherapy (e.g. nasopharyngeal cancer), palliative radiotherapy (e.g. certain advanced tumor patients), preoperative radiotherapy (e.g. rectal cancer), postoperative radiotherapy (e.g. breast cancer, brain tumor) and so on. With the update of radiation therapy machines and the development of computer technology, radiation therapy techniques are becoming more and more advanced, new techniques are emerging, and radiation therapy techniques are transitioning from conventional radiation therapy to precise radiation therapy. The efficacy of radiotherapy patients is gradually improved, the side effects of radiotherapy are significantly reduced, and the quality of survival is significantly improved. The new radiotherapy techniques mainly include “X-knife” (also called “photon knife”), 3D-CRT, IMRT, etc. The advanced nature of these radiotherapy techniques and their wide acceptance by doctors and patients are mainly reflected in their These radiotherapy techniques are advanced and widely accepted by doctors and patients mainly because of their accuracy of treatment, guaranteeing the treatment effect and reducing the side effects of radiotherapy. Biological therapy for tumors Biological therapy refers to the mobilization of the host’s natural defense mechanism or the administration of certain substances to achieve anti-tumor effects through biological response modifiers (BRM) for the purpose of tumor treatment. However, with the development of modern biotechnology, the clinical application of biological therapy has gradually increased and achieved satisfactory results. Other therapeutic methods 1.Thermal therapy: It is to change the environment in which the tumor cells are located by heating, so as to denature and necrotize the tumor cells and achieve the therapeutic purpose. Heat therapy can be divided into two types: systemic heat therapy and local heat therapy. Systemic thermotherapy can be heated by blood circulation or by placing the body in a thermal environment. There are many kinds of localized thermotherapy, such as microwave (e.g. radiofrequency ablation), ultrasound (e.g. “Hefei knife”), infrared rays, etc., to make tumor cells degenerate and necrosis by local high temperature. Some advanced or locally advanced tumor patients can reduce symptoms and improve survival quality through thermotherapy, which can play a better role in palliative treatment. 2., Photodynamic therapy: It is to use tumor cells to selectively absorb photosensitizer, and then use specific wavelength of non-thermal laser to irradiate the lesion, so that the photosensitizer in the tumor tissue will undergo violent photochemical reaction, thus selectively destroy the tumor cells. Photodynamic therapy is mainly applied to tumor patients who are not suitable for surgery or radiotherapy. There is no need to panic when suffering from malignant tumor, you should promptly ask oncologists for consultation to determine the diagnosis and decide the treatment plan, so as to get regular treatment as early as possible.