Hemorrhoids are a common and frequent disease in humans. It is customarily called hemorrhoids. According to relevant census data, the incidence rate is about 50%. Both men and women can get the disease, both sexes can get the disease, the incidence of women is slightly higher than men, any age can develop. 1, anatomical reasons for humans to walk upright; 2, genetic relationship; 3, occupational relationship: such as prolonged squatting or sitting; 4, increased anal venous pressure: such as hepatic steatosis, liver congestion and cardiac insufficiency; 5, increased intra-abdominal pressure: such as due to intra-abdominal tumors, uterine fibroids, ovarian tumors, prostate hypertrophy, pregnancy or squatting too long. Disease performance Hemorrhoids are generally divided into 3 categories: internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, and mixed hemorrhoids. 1. Internal hemorrhoids are divided into 4 stages: Stage 1: blood, blood dripping or blood spraying during defecation, without obvious conscious symptoms; Stage 2: intermittent blood, blood dripping or blood spraying during defecation, and something (internal hemorrhoid) protrudes outside the anus, which can be retracted by itself after defecation; Stage 3: something (internal hemorrhoid) protrudes outside the anus during defecation, or protrudes when straining, walking for too long, or even coughing, which cannot be retracted by itself and must be It cannot be retracted by itself and must be held back by hand or can be retracted after resting in bed; Stage 4: it cannot be held back after protruding and can be accompanied by pain and bleeding in the anus. 2.External hemorrhoids: including thrombosed external hemorrhoids, varicose external hemorrhoids, superfluous external hemorrhoids, inflammatory external hemorrhoids. 3.Mixed hemorrhoids: The varicose and enlarged veins of the internal and external hemorrhoids communicate and anastomose with each other, making the internal and external hemorrhoid parts form a whole. The lighter hemorrhoids bring inconvenience to the normal life of a person, and the heavier ones affect health. If the blood in the stool is prolonged, it can lead to varying degrees of anemia; prolapse can cause perianal eczema; and when the hemorrhoid is embedded or necrotic, it can lead to severe pain and can even be life-threatening. Therefore, when you have hemorrhoids, you have to cope with them correctly. Scientific treatment 1. For occasional blood in the stool, you can consider medication, such as hemorrhoid nin pessary, anal tide pessary, etc.; 2. For recurrent hemorrhoids should be actively surgical treatment; 3. For those with embedded and thrombosed hemorrhoids timely consultation and early surgery. The diet care before hemorrhoid surgery: 1 day before surgery Eat a diet with little residue such as noodles, thin rice, etc. On the day of surgery, eat a liquid diet such as egg soup, rice soup, thin rice, etc. It is not advisable to eat milk and soups containing more fat in order to control the patient from defecating for 1~2 days after surgery to facilitate wound healing. Postoperative dietary care: fluid food on the 1st day after surgery, and general food on the 2nd~3rd day. In order to keep the bowel movement smooth and nutritional compensation, instruct patients to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, such as bananas, spinach, fish soup and other easy-to-digest and less fatty foods, but not full meals, and encourage patients to defecate on time. 5~7 days after surgery, it is the period when the threads at the incision are falling off, the patient is instructed not to eat more food containing more fiber, fine, fine and soft, and to avoid cold, spicy and other stimulating foods, such as chili, pepper, garlic, beef and mutton, in order to avoid too many frequent stools or too hard and lead to secondary bleeding and infection of the incision and affect wound healing. 3 days after the operation is still no stool, the patient is instructed to increase some food containing vegetable fats, such as sesame, broth, etc., but also a small amount of sesame oil or honey with boiling water at night before bed, after the above dietary therapy, generally can be discharged stool. If it cannot be discharged, a small enema with open cork can be used. If diarrhea occurs after surgery, the patient should be instructed to eat light, easily digestible food, pay attention to dietary hygiene, and forbid eating raw and cold. And drink strong tea to facilitate urination and make the stool take shape, and if necessary, use anti-diarrheal drugs. Dietary care for postoperative defecation difficulties: the day after hemorrhoid surgery or the second day, mostly due to anesthesia, surgical stimulation, wound pain or dressing pressure, causing reflex bladder neck sphincter pain, spasm to postoperative urinary difficulties. Such patients should drink strong tea or sweetened water to increase the volume of urine, stimulate the bladder and enhance the desire to urinate, or relax the dressing that compresses the wound to promote urination. If the patient still cannot urinate, catheterization should be given according to medical advice.