Recently, patients often ask me when they are discharged or after they are discharged from the hospital if it is normal to have a cough all the time after lung surgery, and some patients also have obvious shortness of breath symptoms, and do they need to deal with it? In fact, the most and most common problem for patients after lung surgery is coughing. The main cause of coughing is due to nerve irritation during the healing process of the bronchial stump closure after lung surgery and also due to edema in the pharynx or trachea caused by tracheal intubation during anesthesia, which will recover over time, ranging from a few weeks to a few months. Some patients wonder if a lung infection has occurred, and this is not usually the case. On the contrary, blind anti-inflammatory treatment due to concern is not only ineffective, but can also cause adverse consequences such as drug resistance and gastrointestinal reactions. Of course, individual patients with a more intense postoperative cough, or even severe breath-holding, may be related to pleural effusion. There are also patients who cough up more yellow sputum, whose symptoms do not improve in the short term, or even have fever and other abnormalities, and it is best to go to the nearest hospital to take a chest X-ray for clarification. A small amount of postoperative pleural effusion does not need to be treated, while a large amount requires puncture and aspiration. For individual patients with combined lung infection, sputum bacterial culture is needed to select effective antimicrobial agents for treatment.