The primary goal of clinical evaluation of children with syncope is etiologic diagnosis and risk stratification. Since the etiology of syncope is either benign or potentially life-threatening, effective diagnostic and risk stratification methods are essential to identify the immediate and long-term prognosis of children with syncope and to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations. In recent years, quantitative diagnostic and risk stratification methods (e.g., Calgary syncope symptom score, San Francisco syncope rule) based on clinical history, physical examination, and electrocardiogram have been proposed to help medical practitioners make correct clinical decisions, especially to provide valuable guidance in determining whether a child with syncope needs to be hospitalized, but these methods cannot replace the clinical assessment and judgment of medical personnel.