For example, when you suddenly have severe pain in one side of your lower back and abdomen, restlessness, accompanied by nausea, vomiting and hematuria, basically, this is a manifestation of “renal colic”, and it is likely that you have urinary stones. Urological stones are a common disease in urology. In recent years, the incidence of urinary stones in China has increased, and it is one of the top 3 areas in the world with a high incidence of stones. Urinary stones include kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones, and urethral stones. Different parts of the stones have some individual characteristics. The most common ones in clinical practice are kidney stones and ureteral stones. Most patients with kidney stones do not usually feel them, and stones are often found unintentionally by ultrasound during a physical examination. Most ureteral stones are kidney stones that fall into the ureter. When the stones are large and cannot pass through the ureter smoothly, the kidney becomes waterlogged, just like the spillway of a reservoir is blocked by stones and the water cannot pass smoothly, then the water level of the reservoir becomes higher and higher, exceeding the warning line, and the reservoir becomes dangerous. The kidney is an organ for excreting all kinds of waste, when all kinds of waste and water are blocked and cannot be discharged through the ureter, the kidney becomes waterlogged (just like a balloon is blown up, if it is not unblocked in time, the balloon will not return to its original shape after a long time) the kidney loses its function and becomes a “skin kidney”, if both ureter are blocked, both kidneys have no function. If both ureters are blocked and both kidneys have no function, then it is “uremia”. Generally, when the ureter is stimulated by the stone, it will spasm, and then the performance of “renal colic” will come. The presence of renal colic requires prompt medical attention. Doctors will combine the patient’s clinical manifestations, urinary routine, ultrasound or abdominal x-ray to determine the patient’s condition, and because the attack of “renal colic” is very intense, doctors will give strong pain relief and antispasmodic treatment, such as dulcolax, morphine, progesterone, 654-II, and so on. The patient’s pain is temporarily relieved. Depending on the size and location of the stone and the condition of the kidney and ureter, the patient may receive conservative treatment with medication, extracorporeal lithotripsy or surgery, which includes percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and laser lithotripsy with ureteroscopy (flexible/rigid), laparoscopic lithotripsy, etc. Each treatment method has its own advantages and indications, depending on the status of the patient’s stones and the conditions of the local hospital.