Secretory otitis media is a non-suppurative inflammatory disease of the middle ear characterized by fluid accumulation in the middle ear and hearing loss. The disease can be divided into two types: acute and chronic, with a high incidence in winter and spring, and a high incidence in children and adults. Etiology of secretory otitis media: 1. Malfunction of the eustachian tube – abnormal obstruction of the tube that balances the middle ear and external atmospheric pressure: common causes include adenoid hypertrophy, chronic sinusitis, deviated nasal septum, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and pharyngeal tumors. 2.Cilia dysfunction: Infection of the upper whistle tract and disruption of cilia secretion function, resulting in lower middle ear pressure and accumulation of secretions. Anatomy: The eustachian tube is straight in children, so nasal and pharyngeal esophageal secretions can easily reflux into the middle ear and cause infection. Performance of secretory otitis media: 1. Hearing loss: mainly conductive deafness with self-hearing enhancement. With the presence of effusion, when the head position is tilted, hearing may temporarily improve because the effusion leaves the cochlear window. The tympanic membrane is invaginated, the light cone is deformed or disappears, and the fluid flat or bubbles may be seen through the tympanic membrane. Hearing examination shows conductive hearing loss and acoustic conduction resistance consistent with pharyngeal duct malfunction or middle ear effusion. 2. Ear stuffiness and ear pain: There may be slight ear pain at the beginning of the disease, while the ear pain is not obvious in chronic cases. The sensation of stuffiness or occlusion in the ear is temporarily relieved after pressing the ear screen. 3. Tinnitus: It may be intermittent, such as crackling sound, and when the head moves or yawns or blows the nose, there may be the sound of air passing through water in the ear. Treatment of secretory otitis media The principles of treatment for secretory otitis media are to remove fluid in the middle ear, improve ventilation and drainage in the middle ear and treat the cause of the disease, divided into conservative medication as well as surgical treatment. For children with no symptoms, normal hearing and a short history of the disease, conservative medication can be used to reduce swelling of the eustachian tube and prevent infection of the tympanic cavity by using antibiotics, mucoconstrictors and glucocorticoids. In addition to conservative treatment, surgical treatment of the etiology includes adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, correction of nasal septum deviation, and partial inferior turbinate resection. In addition, tympanic membrane puncture, incision or tube placement can be performed to remove middle ear fluid and promote disease recovery.