Esophageal tumors need to be diagnosed as benign or malignant by performing pathological tests and cannot be judged by their specific size. Esophageal tumors are classified into benign and malignant tumors. Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor of the esophagus, while mesenchymal tumors and smooth muscle tumors are benign tumors of the esophagus. Esophageal tumors need to be obtained through gastroscopy and pathologically examined to determine benign or malignant, and the nature of the tumor cannot be directly determined by the size of the lesion. The development of esophageal tumors up to 5 cm usually indicates that the tumor is already large, and the patient needs to have the diseased area removed by means of surgery in a timely manner. After the surgery, patients should take good care of the wound to avoid infection, and keep the diet light and do not eat stimulating food in daily life. Esophageal tumors should be detected and treated as early as possible, and once diagnosed, patients should seek medical treatment immediately.