If your child has a tracheoesophageal fistula, although you are worried and anxious, you don’t know what to do, what tests your child will have to undergo and what treatment he or she will receive. We hope that this article will help you. When you bring your child to the hospital, our doctor will first ask you about your child’s medical history. We will ask about the onset of the illness, how long the child has had this condition, whether the child has choked on milk/food (noticeable after eating a liquid diet), whether the child has abdominal distention, wasting, dehydration, recurrent coughing, coughing and other pneumonia manifestations. Does the child have a history of recurrent pneumonia that is not well treated with antibiotics? Does the child have any acute infections such as cold and fever, is he/she on his/her period, and has he/she had any history of vaccination in the last month. Does it run in the family and does any relative have this condition. This information is necessary for us to clarify the diagnosis as soon as possible and give the child the necessary treatment accordingly. We also hope that you will provide the above information as detailed and accurate as possible when you bring your child to the clinic. After the consultation, the doctor will perform the necessary specialized tests, including chest X-ray/CT, bronchoscopy and esophagogram (iodophoresis). Blood and urine routine, blood group, biochemistry, coagulation, infectious diseases, ECG, chest X-ray, echocardiography, etc. will be checked according to the specific treatment plan. After a clear diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula in a child, active surgical treatment is the most necessary way to cure the disease. In order to have a successful surgery, ideal treatment results and reduce the child’s pain due to intraoperative or postoperative complications, the doctor will double-check the results of chest X-ray, CT, tracheoscopy and esophagogram all within 3 months before the surgery, after which time they need to be re-examined. It is necessary to assess whether the child is physically able to tolerate the surgery, and to postpone the surgery in infants and children with low weight and obvious symptoms of pneumonia. After surgery, antibiotics and drainage will be given at the doctor’s discretion to prevent infection and to help your child recover more quickly. After discharge from the hospital, you are expected to keep your child’s neck wound clean to avoid infection, take oral antibiotics until 5-7 days after surgery, and contact the doctor in charge for stitch removal 7 days after surgery (with outpatient general number). The gastric tube will be removed at the outpatient clinic 1 month after surgery and the tracheoscopy will be reviewed. Adhere to oral omeprazole enteric tablets once a day for 1 month before removal of gastric tube. Strict nasal feeding diet for 1 month. During nasal feeding, maintain upright position for 2 hours daily after nasal feeding; elevate the head of the bed at 30-45° during sleep. If your child develops fever, neck swelling, neck pain, chest tightness, chest pain, or difficulty breathing while discharged from the hospital and at home, please seek medical attention promptly. Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital developmental malformation in children, and surgical removal is an effective treatment, but postoperative infection is likely to occur if not properly cared for, and there is a certain probability of recurrence. Please follow the above precautions strictly. We will work together with the child, the doctor and the parents to restore the child’s health as quickly as possible. Finally, I sincerely hope that your child will recover soon and have a healthy and happy future.