How are cleft lip and cleft lip and nose deformities treated surgically?

When it comes to cleft lip, the common reaction is “hare lip” and “open mouth”, but in fact, in addition to the deformity of the lip, patients with cleft lip usually also have a deformity of the nose, which is medically called “cleft lip and nose deformity The medical term is “cleft lip and nose deformity”. Cleft lip can be classified as unilateral (left/right), bilateral cleft lip or median (rare) depending on the clinical presentation. Depending on the severity, it can be divided into: I degree cleft lip: the cleft is only located in the red lip; II degree cleft lip: the cleft involves the red lip and part of the white lip; III degree cleft lip: the cleft is from the red lip to the base of the nostril on the affected side; occult cleft: the skin is intact, but there is a cleft deformity in the lip muscle. Cleft lip and nasal deformity Cleft lip and nasal deformity usually manifests as wide deformity of the nostril on the affected side (cleft lip side), collapse of the nasal base, and tilting of the nasal column and tip to the affected side. Both cleft lip and cleft nose deformities require surgical treatment. The timing of treatment for unilateral cleft lip is usually when the child is 3 months of age and has normal development, and for bilateral cleft lip when the child is 6 months of age. The timing of correction of nasal deformities is currently controversial in academic circles, and it is generally accepted that surgery can be considered in preschool (6-7 years) or adolescence (14-16 years). The surgical options for cleft lip nasal deformity are rather variable, and the procedure may range from simple suspension of nasal cartilage to complex extraction of rib cartilage and open nasal complex surgery, which is decided by both the patient and the surgeon depending on the degree of the lesion and the treatment requirements of the patient. Pre-operative and post-operative case comparison of cleft lip and cleft lip and nasal deformity repair Post-operative care of cleft lip and cleft lip and nasal deformity repair Post-operative care of cleft lip and nasal deformity repair Upper lip should be protected with lip arch, and the child’s hands should be braked or wear an anti-scratch protective cover to avoid scratching the operated area. Feeding with a small spoon or special bottle for cleft lip for one week after surgery, avoid using pacifier or straw, sutures are usually removed 5-7 days after surgery. Postoperative pain medication should be applied symptomatically to reduce the crying of the child to reduce the tension of the incision. Topical scar prevention ointment can be considered for 3-6 months after suture removal to reduce scarring. Patients with cleft lip and nasal deformities are advised to wear silicone nasal plugs for 3-6 months after surgery. The treatment of cleft lip and its nasal deformity is a sequential treatment, one surgery usually does not achieve perfection and requires two or even more surgeries, during which the patient cooperation of the child and the family and regular follow-ups are needed so that we can develop the most appropriate treatment plan for the child.