Respiratory tract infections are the most common and top of the list of pediatric diseases. Common symptoms include: fever, cough, sputum, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, itchy throat, hoarse throat, headache, dizziness; may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. The doctor will diagnose rhinitis, pharyngitis, herpes pharyngitis, purulent tonsillitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, wheezing bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.; especially the more serious streptococcus pneumonia often occurs in children under 5 years old, and the mortality rate is especially high in children under 2 years old. This is the most common, simplest, and most acceptable test for parents and children; if necessary, a chest X-ray will be taken to check for lung infections. Based on the blood results, the doctor will roughly classify the disease as a bacterial infection, mycoplasma infection, viral infection or mixed infection. The doctor’s clinical experience and the current prevalence of the disease, as well as the condition of the child’s body, are the basis for the choice of medication. In the treatment should pay attention to the following issues: 1, the choice of antibiotics: If it is clear that the virus infection, do not need to use antibiotics, but there is a natural course of disease, usually 3 to 7 days, can be self-healing, can wait; but pay attention to the double infection, the infection to the lower respiratory tract, must choose the appropriate antibiotics. 2, the choice of intravenous infusion: ordinary upper respiratory tract infection, the child is in good spirits, no vomiting, do not need to choose infusion, oral treatment can fully achieve the same effect as infusion treatment; at the same time can avoid cross-infection and reinfection during the infusion process. It is not advisable to choose infusion every time you get sick. 3, the choice of antipyretic drugs: children younger than 6 years old will have febrile convulsions, which is a pediatric emergency, and recurrent febrile convulsions can be secondary to epilepsy. So take the necessary cooling measures: according to medical advice every 4 hours you can repeat the use of antipyretics, not enough 4 hours to take physical cooling (bath, ice bag, open the package), you can choose two kinds of antipyretics alternately, improve the effect of the same time can avoid the number and interval of each antipyretic use. 4, the choice of follow-up: each disease has a development process (peak to trough), for each disease is currently impossible to have a special drug, so the treatment must also have a process, in the disease is not fully under control, fever, cough, etc. are inevitable symptoms, several trips a day between major hospitals, can only aggravate the chances of cross-infection of the child. 5, signs of aggravation: good spirit, drowsiness (the child will not pretend); bad face (gray); poor breathing (shortness of breath, irregular); frequent vomiting, inability to eat and water; small infants refuse to breastfeed, choke on milk; the need for timely (at any time) consultation, except for serious diseases. Why is spring prone to respiratory diseases? This is due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the pediatric respiratory tract, which has poor respiratory defenses and promotes recurrent respiratory infections due to climate change, spring pollen, dust, etc. A part of infants and toddlers who have just entered the nursery at the age of about 2 years old are prone to respiratory infections due to their inability to tolerate the external environment. To actively take preventive measures: children’s growth and development stage to give adequate nutrition, timely and reasonable addition of supplementary food. Actively prevent and treat rickets, anemia and other nutritional diseases. Appropriate outdoor exercise to enhance physical fitness. The living room should be regularly ventilated to keep the indoor air fresh and reduce smoke and dust. During the high season of respiratory infectious diseases, reduce the exposure to crowded public places. Vaccinations should also be done regularly, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of respiratory diseases, especially severe pneumonia.