Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel for breast cancer chemotherapy

  Although solvent-based paclitaxel and doxorubicin are associated with some toxicity, especially when combined with other agents, their adjuvant, neoadjuvant and metastatic regimens are effective in breast cancer. Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel was developed to address these concerns about toxicity, and studies in metastatic breast cancer have shown greater efficacy and safety of nab paclitaxel monotherapy compared to solvent-based paclitaxel and doxorubicin. This article is a literature review of selected studies that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of nab paclitaxel in combination with other agents in different breast cancer treatment settings.  Most of the literature identified were small, phase II non-comparative studies.  Studies combining nab paclitaxel with trastuzumab in HER-2-positive patients demonstrated efficacy comparable to that of the solvent-based paclitaxel-trastuzumab combination, with satisfactory tolerability in adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and metastatic foci regimens.  Studies of nab paclitaxel + bevacizumab have shown acceptable efficacy and tolerability in patients with HER-2 negative metastatic disease.  Studies of nab paclitaxel in combination with other chemotherapies (e.g., carboplatin, gemcitabine, and capecitabine) have shown similar efficacy to solvent-based paclitaxel regimens.  Grade 3/4 pain, fatigue, and neuropathy were the most significant nab paclitaxel combination treatment toxicities, and the study concluded that the weekly regimen was optimal.  Conclusion The authors concluded, “Although the results of this review suggest that nab paclitaxel may be a suitable alternative to [solvent-based paclitaxel] in combination regimens, further studies are needed to confirm its status and cost-effectiveness before routine use of nab paclitaxel can be recommended to all treatment settings.”