I. Diagnostic basis
(A) Epidemiological history
1, from the infected area or a history of travel to the infected area within 21 days.
2. having been in contact with a febrile person from or having traveled to an infected area within 21 days
3. having been in contact with patients and their blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta or corpses within 21 days
4. having come into contact with infected animals.
(II) Clinical manifestations
1.Early stage: acute onset, fever and rapid progress to high fever, accompanied by malaise, headache, myalgia, sore throat, etc., and may appear nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin rash, etc.
2. Extreme stage: mostly appears after 3-4 days of the disease. Persistent high fever, increased symptoms of infection poisoning and gastrointestinal symptoms, different degrees of bleeding, including skin and mucous membrane bleeding, vomiting blood, hemoptysis, blood in stool, hematuria, etc.; in severe cases, impaired consciousness, shock and multiple organ involvement may occur.
II. Case definition
(A) Stay-at-home cases.
Patients with fever (temperature > 37.3 ℃) with any of the above epidemiological history.
(B) Suspected cases.
With any of the above epidemiological history, and meet one of the following three circumstances.
1, body temperature ≥ 38.6°C, severe headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
2, fever with unexplained hemorrhage.
3, sudden unexplained death.
(C) confirmed cases
Stay-at-home or suspected cases by laboratory tests meet one of the following circumstances.
1, positive nucleic acid test: the patient’s blood and other specimens tested with RT-PCR and other nucleic acid amplification methods, the results are positive. If the nucleic acid test is negative, but the duration of the disease is less than 72 hours, it should be tested again after reaching 72 hours.
2, positive viral antigen test: collect specimens such as the patient’s blood and test for viral antigen by ELISA and other methods.
3, isolated to the virus: collect specimens such as the patient’s blood and use Vero, Hela and other cells for virus isolation.
4, positive detection of serum-specific IgM antibodies; positive conversion of double serum-specific IgG antibodies or 4-fold or more elevation in the recovery phase compared to the acute phase.
5.Positive pathogenic test in tissue.
III. Case management
(A) retention cases.
In accordance with the requirements of the transfer of confirmed cases transferred to a designated hospital single person single room isolation observation, dynamic monitoring of body temperature, close observation of the condition. Specimens are collected and tested for non-pathogenicity in a relatively independent area of the laboratory in a medical institution that meets the biosafety level 2 protection; sent to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention for pathogenicity testing as required.
Except for the conditions of detention.
1, the body temperature returns to normal and the nucleic acid test results are negative.
2, if the fever has exceeded 72 hours, sampling for nucleic acid testing, with negative results.
3, still fever but less than 72 hours, nucleic acid test negative, need to wait for fever up to 72 hours after the nucleic acid test again, the results are negative.
(B) Suspected cases.
1.Pathogenic test is positive, turn into a confirmed case, and carry out the corresponding treatment.
2, if the fever has exceeded 72 hours, sampling for pathogenic testing, negative to exclude the diagnosis.
3, if the fever is less than 72 hours, pathogenic test negative, need to wait until the fever reaches 72 hours after the pathogenic test again, still negative to exclude the diagnosis.
(C) the conditions for the release of confirmed cases from isolation treatment.
1.Two consecutive negative nucleic acid tests on blood specimens.
2. The clinician may arrange for the patient to be discharged at the appropriate time according to the actual situation.