Brain tumor astrocytoma

Astrocytomas are graded I to VI. It is the most common type of glioma. Grade I, in adults, is mostly infiltrating and growing in the white matter of the brain, and is divided into two types: protoplasmic type and fibrous type. The tumor tissue is grayish white or grayish yellow, hard like rubber, usually without hemorrhage and necrosis, but it can be cystic, one kind of tumor contains nodules within the capsule, and the other kind of tumor contains cysts. In children, most astrocytomas are located in the cerebellar hemispheres. Clinical manifestations in adults often begin with epilepsy, followed by gradual paralysis, aphasia, mental changes, and later increased intracranial pressure. In children, the increase in intracranial pressure is the first manifestation, and a few tumor calcifications can be detected on X-ray. Grade II astrocytomas are poorly differentiated astrocytomas, and these two types have a slow progression of disease. Grade III-IV astrocytomas are glioblastoma multiforme, which are highly malignant, commonly found after middle age, mostly located in the cerebral hemispheres and invade the basal ganglia and thalamus, rich in blood vessels, easy to bleed, and obvious edema in the surrounding brain tissue, resulting in sudden deterioration of the disease. Treatment: For more limited cases, such as astrocytomas located in the anterior frontal lobe, prefrontal lobe resection is possible. For other parts of the disease, only a major or partial resection of the tumor can be achieved, supplemented by decompressive surgery. Postoperative radiotherapy, immunotherapy treatment and Chinese medicine are applied. Most cases have poor healing.