It is well known that an infection after an artificial knee replacement is a disaster, however, the bigger concern for patients is, how do they get through this disaster? Do you have to have surgery to treat an infected joint replacement? Can it be treated without surgery? The fact is that when an infection occurs after an artificial knee replacement, the first step is to understand what the infecting bacteria are. The most common infecting bacteria today are gram-positive cocci, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus. Secondly, it is important to find out if any of the medications currently available are antibiotics that are effective in treating this bacteria. As for whether or not to operate, it is up to the doctor to determine if the infecting bacteria is independent and strong. If it is found to be not strong by bacterial culture, there are many antibiotics that can deal with it. And it is a very timely discovery of the patient’s infection, such as within 1 month after surgery, at which point conservative treatment can be considered. However, it is not advisable to rely on antibiotics all the time; it is only a desperate option when the patient’s physical condition or financial condition does not allow for surgery. It is important to realize that surgery is by far the best treatment for post knee replacement infection. There are many ways to surgically treat post knee replacement infection, one of which is incision and debridement. Simply put, this involves opening the original surgical incision, cleaning the room, rinsing out all the corners of the joint of any bacteria that may remain, replacing the polyethylene liner in the joint prosthesis, and treating the infection with antibiotics after the surgery. The advantage of this treatment is that the joint prosthesis is preserved and does not have to be replaced. However, it is worth noting that only cut and clean and rinse this kind of treatment is suitable for a small number of patients, these patients need to meet the following three points, the absence of one: 1, the infection after knee arthroplasty is found in a timely manner, usually within 4 weeks after the operation, i.e., the infection belongs to the early stage of the infection or the acute stage of the infection. If the signs and symptoms of postoperative infection last longer than 4 weeks, there is a high rate of failure of the clean and rinse treatment; 2. It has been clarified before surgery what the infecting bacteria are, and the infecting bacteria are not very strong; 3. There are a variety of antibiotics that can deal with the infecting bacteria that have been clarified.