Urinary stones are stones that occur in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. They are often formed in the kidneys or bladder as a result of urinary tract infections, improper diet (e.g., low water intake, preference for fatty, sweet and greasy foods), or salt deposits in the urine caused by metabolic diseases. Ureteral stones are usually the result of stones in the kidney migrating into the ureter. The initial stage of stone formation in the kidney is unnoticeable to the body. When the stone is larger (more than 0.4 cm), it may cause back pain and swelling, but people may think that it is caused by exertion or lack of rest, thus ignoring the need for examination. People may think that it is due to strain or lack of rest, and thus ignore the need for examination. People pay attention to it only when there is severe pain in the lower back or hematuria. Very few people are found during routine physical examinations. Large ureteral stones or large kidney stones (>1.0 cm) can cause hydronephrosis and impairment of kidney function. In combination with infection, fever, low back pain or discomfort, and urinary tract irritation, such as urinary frequency and urgency, may occur. Bladder stones used to be common, but are now less common. They are usually caused by inflammation of the bladder, poor urination or foreign bodies. When a sudden interruption of urine flow during urination occurs, consider the possible presence of bladder stones. This is also a time when symptoms such as urinary tract infection or difficulty in urination are likely to occur. Regardless of the type of stone, it should be treated as soon as it is detected. For small stones (0.8-1.0 cm) in the kidney and ureter, direct ureteroscopic lithotripsy is very effective, eliminating the stone immediately on the one hand and preventing the recurrence of renal colic on the other. Larger bladder stones (small stones can be discharged by themselves) can also be lithotripsed by cystoscopy with very good results.