What procedure can be done without an incision in the abdomen?

  In the current era when laparoscopic surgery can perform most abdominal surgeries, what abdominal surgeries can be performed with only one or a few small 1 cm incisions in the abdomen and no other incisions? One is gallbladder, appendix, perforation repair, splenectomy, hernia and other surgeries. Others are well understood, but how can splenectomy be done from 1cm out? This is because most splenectomies are due to trauma or benign tumor surgery and do not require preservation of the complete specimen, we can protect it with a retrieval bag and cut it into small pieces for removal! Secondly, for tumor surgery of the intestine less than 5cm, we can remove it from the umbilicus, which can be extended to a 5cm diameter incision with only 1cm appearance after suturing. thirdly, for total colectomy of benign disease and smaller colon tumors that can pass through the anus, we can remove it from the anus via the rectum, and in special cases we can also remove it from the vagina! Third, maiorectal resection, where we remove the specimen through the perineal incision!