Amblyopia is a cortical visual disorder. It results from abnormal visual development as a child and subsequently, through a number of other pathological processes, eventually leads to permanent monocular vision loss. It affects a wide variety of visual functions (visual field range, color vision, and pupillary reflexes are usually unaffected). Although the term “amblyopia” is often used, amblyopia should be distinguished from strabismus. They may co-exist, but treatment should be considered separately. What should you know about amblyopia? Amblyopia is a cortical visual disorder that can be caused by a variety of factors that prevent normal visual stimulation during infancy and early childhood. Most amblyopia is caused by refractive error between the eyes (refractive error), ocular dysmorphia (strabismus), or a combination of these two factors. 3. Most amblyopia is unilateral, so many children and parents fail to detect and pay attention to amblyopia until their vision is checked. 4, In the UK, orthoptic-led vision screening is recommended for all children at school entry (4-5 years old). 5.Treatment of amblyopia is divided into two stages: (1) optical correction of refractive error, treatment for 12-16 weeks, about 1/4 of the children need this treatment. (2) Eye patch masking or atropine treatment. 6. Eye shield treatment for amblyopia in 4-year-olds requires 3-6 hours of treatment per day for the first course of treatment and is maintained for three months. 7. 1% atropine eye drops can be used as an alternative therapy for the treatment of amblyopia in children over 3 years of age, once a day on weekends.