The heart is the “engine” of the human body, it is like a “blood pump”, pumping out high pressure blood flow all the time, which is delivered to all organs of the body through the aorta and its branch vessels. The aorta is the thickest main blood vessel in the body, emanating directly from the heart and subject to the strong pressure of pumping blood directly from the heart, and it has a huge internal blood flow. The normal human arterial vasculature consists of 3 layers of structures, divided from the inside out into the inner membrane, the middle membrane and the outer membrane, and the 3 layers fit closely together to carry the blood flow through. In the case of aortic coarctation, due to a local tear in the intima, the intima is ruptured by a strong blood shock, and the middle layer is gradually peeled off, so the aortic wall is torn open like a peeling bamboo shoot, resulting in a manifestation of mainly tear-like pain. Because of the tremendous pressure and blood flow to which the aorta is subjected, once the aortic vessel wall is torn, the chance of rupture leading to hemorrhage is very high and the mortality rate is extremely high. According to the literature, the mortality rate of the disease within 1 week is up to 50% or more if not managed promptly. What kind of people are prone to aortic coarctation? That is, what is the etiology or cause of aortic coarctation? Aortic coarctation is the result of the interaction of aortic vessel wall lesions and abnormal blood flow pressure. On the one hand, when the aortic vessel wall is structurally abnormal, it is naturally prone to aortic dissection. Common factors include congenital cardiovascular malformations, Marfan syndrome, and aortic atherosclerosis. On the other hand, hemodynamic abnormalities, which also predispose to arterial wall damage, are most commonly caused by hypertensive disease, and most patients with aortic coarctation have poorly controlled hypertension. Therefore, the control of hypertension has a comprehensive impact on the prevention, treatment, and prognosis of aortic coarctation, and the control of hypertension is the most important means of prevention and treatment. The ratio of male to female incidence of aortic coarctation is 2-5:1; the common age of onset is 40-70 years old, but congenital cardiovascular disease patients with aortic coarctation occur at a younger age, such as patients with Marfan syndrome often develop in young to middle age. Typical acute aortic coarctation presents with sudden, severe, tear-like pain in the chest and back, and in severe cases, heart failure and even sudden death; most patients have a history of hypertension. Depending on the extent of the tear, different branch arteries of the aorta may tear, with different clinical manifestations, such as ischemia of the brain, limbs, kidneys and organs such as the liver and intestines, which can lead to cerebral infarction, renal insufficiency, abdominal pain, pallor, weakness and floridness of both legs, and paraplegia. Thus, aortic coarctation is a disease that can lead to severe trauma, failure or necrosis of all vital organs throughout the body, and the clinical presentation varies from person to person and is very aggressive. In order to confirm the diagnosis of aortic coarctation, the most widely used clinical examination is CT. The treatment of aortic coarctation mainly includes conservative drug treatment, interventional treatment and surgical treatment. For patients with acute entrapment, whatever further treatment we want to take, the first step should be the corresponding pharmacological conservative treatment: blood pressure control, heart rate control, and pain control. After the patient is appropriately stabilized, the choice of treatment depends mainly on the type of entrapment. For Stanford type A aortic coarctation with the cleft located in the ascending aorta, early open-heart aortic replacement surgery is mostly required, which is more invasive and slower to recover, but in experienced centers, the success rate of the surgery can reach more than 90-95%. For Stanford B type aortic coarctation, stent placement by minimally invasive means is the mainstay with less trauma and faster recovery. However, a few top vascular surgery centers can still perform minimally invasive interventions with the help of “hybridization” technique, “chimney” technique, “open window” technique, etc. However, a few top vascular surgery centers are still able to treat it with minimally invasive interventions such as the “hybrid” technique, “chimney” technique, and “open window” technique, which can avoid opening the chest, especially for elderly and high-risk patients. Once again, it should be reminded that regular review and blood pressure and heart rate control are crucial for both open-chest surgical treatment and minimally invasive repair with stent placement. By lowering blood pressure and heart rate to reduce the impact of blood flow fluctuation waves on the aortic wall, the occurrence of aortic coarctation, rupture, and recurrence after surgery can be effectively prevented.