Patients with rheumatoid arthritis whose disease cannot be controlled after active formal or pharmacological treatment in internal medicine may consider surgery to prevent destruction of the joints, correct deformities, and improve quality of life. However, surgery does not cure rheumatoid arthritis, so medical medication is still required after surgery. Commonly used surgeries are synovectomy, arthroplasty, soft tissue release or repair surgery, and joint fusion. Synovectomy For early stage (stage I and II) patients, who still have joint swelling, pain and synovial hypertrophy after active and regular medical treatment, X-ray shows that the articular cartilage has been invaded, the condition is relatively stable, and the involved joints are relatively limited, synovectomy should be considered to prevent further destruction of articular cartilage. When possible, synovectomy should be performed arthroscopically, which is less invasive and results in faster postoperative recovery. Synovectomy is effective for early rheumatoid lesions, and postoperative joint pain and swelling are significantly reduced, and functional recovery is satisfactory. Therefore, synovectomy still requires regular medical treatment. 2.Artificial joint replacement is a kind of surgery to save joint deformity and relieve symptoms, among which hip and knee are the most clinically replaced joints at present. The success rate of more than ten years after surgery is more than 90%. This surgery has a very clear therapeutic effect on reducing rheumatoid arthritis lesions, joint pain, deformity, dysfunction, and improving the ability of daily life, especially for patients in the middle and late stages, with severe joint destruction, who cannot work and live normally due to pain, deformity, and dysfunction. The elbow, wrist and shoulder joints are non-weight-bearing joints, and most patients do not necessarily have to use arthroplasty through synovectomy or other orthopedic surgery, as well as motion compensation between other joints. 3, other soft tissue surgery As rheumatoid arthritis in addition to bony deformity and joint deformity caused by intra-articular adhesions, the atrophy of the joint capsule and surrounding muscles and tendons is also one of the causes of joint deformity, therefore, in order to release the atrophy of the joint capsule and surrounding muscles and tendons, so as to achieve the purpose of correcting joint deformity, soft tissue release surgery can be performed, including joint capsule stripping, joint capsule incision, Tendon release or lengthening, as these procedures are often performed simultaneously, they can be called arthrolysis. Tendon surgery is the most widely used in the hand, and soft tissue release is often required to correct deformities when artificial joints are replaced. Soft tissue release is often used to cut off the adductor muscles to improve joint motion and correct adduction deformity in the hip joint, as well as for early correction of deformity in some patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Carpal tunnel syndrome is also often treated with transverse carpal ligament dissection and decompression. Bursitis is seen in rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder and hip, and often requires surgical removal if conservative treatment is ineffective. n Fossa cysts are more common in all types of knee arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis, and can often regress on their own after the primary disease has resolved, occasionally requiring surgery. Rheumatoid nodules are generally seen in the active phase of the disease and rarely require surgical removal, only nodules that are large, have painful symptoms and require surgical removal if conservative treatment is ineffective. 4, joint fusion With the successful application of artificial joint replacement, joint fusion has been rarely used in recent years, but for patients with advanced arthritis, serious joint destruction, joint instability, joint fusion is feasible. In addition, joint fusion can also be used as a salvage surgery after joint replacement failure.