I. Leukorrhea abnormalities: Normal women, especially those in their reproductive years, have vaginal secretions, which are called leukorrhea and are made from a mixture of secretions from the vestibular gland, cervical glands, endometrium and exudate from the vaginal mucosa and shed vaginal epithelial cells. The formation of leucorrhoea is closely related to estrogen, so prepubertal girls usually have no leucorrhoea, and leucorrhoea basically disappears in postmenopausal women. Normally, the amount of leukorrhea produced varies from person to person at different times and is influenced by estrogen. Physiological leucorrhea is colorless or slightly yellowish, very much like egg white in appearance, somewhat viscous, and can generally increase around menstruation, during ovulation, pregnancy, and in a state of sexual excitement. What is the role of leukorrhea? Leukorrhea contains lactobacillus, lysozyme and antibodies, so it has a role in inhibiting the growth of bacteria; in addition, it increases during sex and has a lubricating effect on the vagina. Leukorrhea abnormalities can be either a change in color or nature or a change in volume. For example, leucorrhea becomes beanbag-like leucorrhea or cheese-like mostly seen in Candida vulvovaginitis; thin foamy leucorrhea is seen in trichomoniasis; purulent leucorrhea is most commonly seen in gonorrhea; yellow mucus-like leucorrhea is seen in chlamydia or mycoplasma infection; there is also an STD called bacterial vaginosis, which we seldom talked about before, but we can tell you about it later if we have the chance. Bacterial vaginosis patients have increased leucorrhea, a thin grayish-white discharge, like milk, and a “fish-like” odor, which is aggravated after menstruation or sexual intercourse. Here, I need to clarify for the obstetrician and gynecologist, the abnormal leucorrhea is more often seen in many gynecological diseases, such as cervicitis, endometritis, cervical polyps and so on, and bloody leucorrhea is even a manifestation of cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, fallopian tube cancer and other malignant diseases. Therefore, women with abnormal leucorrhea sometimes need to visit our dermatology and obstetrics and gynecology departments for examination. The most common is the condyloma acuminata, a very common clinical condition, the incubation period is relatively long, 3 weeks-8 months, an average of 3 months, that is, in unclean sexual contact or sexual contact with the sick party 3 months after the vulva area sometimes around the anus to grow small bumps, no pain, no itch, the shape of the papilla, coronary, or cauliflower, color grayish white or dark red In addition to these two venereal diseases, there are many skin diseases that also appear in the vulva as small bumps. Are all bumps on the vulva STDs?” Answer: No! Many skin diseases can manifest as small bumps on the vulva, such as pseudotumor, sebaceous ectopic disorder, glossy moss, lichen planus, sclerosing atrophic moss, Bowen-like papulosis, psoriasis, etc. This condition must be differentially diagnosed by our professional dermatologists, and the need for treatment will be decided after the diagnosis is clear. Some diseases such as pseudotumor eczema and sebaceous ectasia do not require treatment, while others like lichen planus and sclerosing atrophic moss require treatment. The actual fact is that a lot of people who rely on advertisements or claim to be director experts misdiagnose the patient’s pseudo warts as acerbic warts treatment, both to the patient causing monetary loss, and more importantly to the patient causing mental and physical pain, I hope the majority of patients are not deceived. It is a relatively shallow ulcer that is hard to the touch, like the hardness of the cartilage of the nose, so it is called a hard chancre, with clear edges and a diameter of about 25px. The most important feature is that it is not painful (the usual vesicles are painful, but the hard chancre is not), and another feature is that the hard chancre is self-healing after 3-8 weeks, that is, it heals itself without treatment. The other type of ulcer is called soft chancre, as the name suggests, which is soft and has significant pain. It is also a common sexually transmitted disease in the female genitalia, which starts with a few small blisters and quickly breaks down and erupts, healing in about a week, but often recurs. Fourth, vulvar itching involves more diseases, common chlamydial infection, mycoplasma infection, pubic lice, scabies, fungal infections, chronic gonorrhea, vaginal trichomoniasis and other such STDs, as well as eczema dermatitis, pruritus, psoriasis and many other skin diseases can feel vulvar itching. The itchy vulva should be seen in a hospital to check what is causing the itch and then treat the cause to really solve the problem. If you simply stop itching, buy some medicine on the street and wash it, look at the advertisements in the newspaper to treat all those hospitals according to urinary tract infections will delay the disease.