Malignant tumor is a kind of common disease and multi-morbidity that threatens human health and life, with the characteristics of high incidence, long treatment time, high cost and poor efficacy, etc. It will give patients a huge mental pressure, which not only destroys the normal function of the body, but also can cause the change of body image and the conversion of patients’ roles in the family, which aggravates patients’ emotional reactions such as fear, doubt, depression and despair, and even pessimism and disappointment and refusal. treatment. In response to this situation, our medical and nursing staff patients’ family members should take different psychological guidance work according to the patients’ culture and cognitive quality, and educate and treat patients psychologically to achieve the treatment method of stabilizing emotion, improving symptoms, adapting to the environment and promoting comprehensive recovery, so that they can establish confidence to overcome tumor, actively cooperate with various treatments and improve the quality of survival. 1. Analysis of psychological characteristics of tumor patients: (1) Doubt and denial period: Patients suddenly learn that they are diagnosed with cancer and try to achieve psychological balance by denial, suspecting that doctors’ diagnosis is wrong or errors in examination. Fear is a common psychological response to malignant tumors. Literature reports: common fears of malignant tumors include fear of unknown disease, fear of loneliness, fear of pain, fear of separation from loved ones, these psychological factors often make patients have negative emotions. Most patients will have a period of shock when they learn of cancer, during this period patients will strongly deny the diagnosis of cancer, such as: suspecting that the diagnosis report is wrong, etc. At this time, it is not necessary to treat patients to prematurely force their When the patient gradually accepts this reality, he will fall into extreme pain and despair, at this time, it is more necessary for us doctors and relatives to be considerate and caring, to exchange ideas with the patient, to cite cases of cured tumor patients, and to let cured patients talk about their personal experience, and to enlighten the patient with personal stories. This is the key to success or failure of treatment. This is the key to success or failure of treatment! Therefore, if the patient’s family is consulting with me on the phone, it is very important to build up the patient’s heart, and it is very important to have a strong and optimistic attitude. (2) Anger venting period: After denial, patients often experience strong anger and grief. Once the diagnosis of cancer is confirmed, patients will immediately feel infinite anger and injustice towards everything in the world and have the feeling of being abandoned by life and by their loved ones. The patient will take out this anger to the people around him/her. For example, the patient often shows anger and jealousy for various reasons, often quarrels with relatives and medical staff, and feels that everything is not as good as it should be, and that everyone has wronged him and wronged him. At the same time, he is afraid that people around him will abandon him. Performance of these psychological behavior, such as: loud, a hundred reports of anger, indignation, such emotions continue to fluctuate, will consume the patient’s energy to overcome the disease and normal life. At this time, we should take a tolerant and forgiving attitude towards the patient, communicate with the patient in language and body language, give spiritual support, be patient, careful and loving, so that they can treat the disease correctly, improve the awareness of family participation, and do a good job of mobilizing the family is a key step in reversing the pessimistic psychology of the patient. (3) Sadness and depression period: When patients think of their unfinished work and career, the lives of their relatives and children, their future and everything at home that they cannot take care of during the treatment or recuperation process, they will feel unspeakable pain and sadness from deep inside. The pain and uncomfortable medication will further turn into despair and lead to the idea of a lighter life. This period is crucial, and doctors and family members should cooperate to provide ideological guidance. (4) Emotional sublimation period: There are also many cancer patients who have multiple psychological contradictions, but eventually can realize that reality is unchangeable and fear of death is useless, but can face reality with a calm mood, live a fuller and more valuable life, and realize their wishes and ideals in a short and limited time, which is sublimation, sublimation into positive psychological preventive reaction, and patients turn negative psychology into positive effect to bring the psyche into balance through vicarious compensation. Under the positive psychological state, the patient will not only be psychologically balanced, but also the physical state will develop in a good way with the change of psychological state. 2. Psychological changes and nursing in tumor treatment stage: (1) Nursing before and after surgery: In the treatment stage, malignant tumor patients suffer from the double mental pressure of cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the wide range of surgical resection often affects the normal function of the organism and the organ where the tumor is located. Patients should deeply understand the psychological changes of patients, patiently explain the necessity of surgery before surgery, carefully prepare for surgery, clearly answer the questions raised by patients, never speak negative language to aggravate the psychological burden of patients, and obtain the trust, confidence and cooperation of patients with their own skillful techniques. After the operation, we will help the patient to rebuild the function of the body, give good dietary guidance, ask the patient to eat more protein, low animal fat, easy to digest food, and regular follow-up. (2) Psychological care for chemotherapy and radiotherapy patients: Due to the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy drugs, clinical reactions and damage to tissues and organs are often accompanied by different degrees of adverse effects. Therefore, before the treatment, we should do a good job in explaining the work, so that patients can understand the role of treatment, brief steps, possible side effects and matters that need to be cooperated with, which is a part of psychological care for malignant tumors that cannot be ignored. After the treatment is over, timely resumption of part of the work can make the patients appreciate their value and role in the society, so as to re-energize. 3. Psychological changes and care in advanced stage of disease: With the gradual decline of body function, patients with advanced malignant tumor may show weakness, pain, anorexia, etc., which may cause great pain to patients. At this time, patients should be encouraged to get up and move around as much as possible under the condition, and not to stay in bed early, which can delay the decline of body function, and also can make patients increase their confidence from self-care, meanwhile, we should take the initiative to solve the needs of patients. There are many factors affecting the quality of survival of tumor patients, and their psychological factors have a significant impact on patients, because of their complex psychological state, which will produce a variety of psychology during the treatment process. Nursing staff should use warm attitude, kind language and good service to give comfort and guidance to patients, establish a good nurse-patient relationship with them, create a warm, comfortable, quiet and elegant living environment for patients, keep A good living environment is conducive to the physical and mental health of patients and enhances the effect of psychotherapy, so that patients can actively cooperate with treatment in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere and achieve the ideal treatment purpose. The patient can be infected with his or her own emotions, and careful care and excellent technology can eliminate the patient’s mental pain.