The causes of pituitary abnormalities can be divided into functional abnormalities and morphological abnormalities of the pituitary gland, as follows: 1. Morphological abnormalities: They can be divided into enlargement or shrinkage of the pituitary gland, and enlargement of the pituitary gland can be divided into physiological and pathological. Physiological is most common in women during pregnancy, in the process of pregnancy, the pituitary gland is significantly enlarged; there is also a case of adolescents in the developmental period, the pituitary gland may have a little full, some people think it is enlarged. Both conditions are physiological enlargement; the most common pathological enlargement is various pituitary tumors, as well as pituitary inflammation caused by pituitary stroke and various inflammatory conditions; pituitary shrinkage is most commonly caused by compression of the pituitary gland by the hollow pterygoid saddle, congenital hypoplasia of the pituitary gland, and one of the most common conditions is various hypothalamic tumors, which shrink the pituitary gland by compression, most often seen in germ cell tumors and craniopharyngiomas; pituitary morphological abnormalities also include Rathkes cyst, which is the gap between the anterior and middle part of the pituitary gland during congenital development, forms a cyst after the increase of secretion in the gap, patients can have enlarged pituitary gland, most of them will not have enlarged pituitary gland, but the pituitary gland can even break through the suprasellar when enlarged; 2. Functional abnormalities: divided into hyperfunction and hypofunction, hyperfunction is mainly seen in various functional pituitary tumors, pituitary tumors will secrete corresponding The pituitary tumor will secrete the corresponding hormones, causing an increase in the secretion of target hormones, which will further lead to metabolic disorders, such as pituitary ACTH tumor, pituitary growth hormone tumor, pituitary prolactin tumor and pituitary thyroid hormone tumor, all of which will cause hyperfunction of pituitary gland; hypopituitary function, also called hypopituitary hypofunction, is most often seen in pituitary tumors, especially after the compression of pituitary gland by non-functional pituitary tumors and various inflammatory diseases, resulting in pituitary gland hypofunction. This is a primary condition, while secondary hypopituitarism is mainly caused by damage to the pituitary stalk, and in primary cases, for example, pituitary stroke can also cause hypopituitarism, all of which are functional abnormalities. Regardless of whether the pituitary abnormality is functional or morphological, patients should go to the hospital for further analysis and diagnosis by a specialist in a timely manner. However, morphological abnormalities are not necessarily pathological and do not necessarily cause abnormal pituitary function, so it is important to seek further consultation with a specialist.
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