The goal of minimally invasive surgery is to perform surgical procedures with minimal tissue damage and preservation of tissue function while achieving therapeutic results. The spine has a motor function and is composed of multiple motor units consisting of vertebrae, each composed of adjacent vertebrae and intervertebral joints. Because most spinal disorders originate in the intervertebral joints, most current spinal surgical procedures are performed at the expense of the kinetic units to achieve long-term therapeutic results. Therefore, for minimally invasive spine surgery, the first step is to clarify the scope of surgery as much as possible and not to expand it blindly. The destruction of motor units should be minimized and spinal motor function should be preserved. In other words, minimally invasive is first and foremost the principle and concept, not simply the size of the incision (scar). This is a principle that we have long advocated and followed in our clinical work. In the preoperative period, repeated physical examinations, combined with imaging data, accurately diagnose the disease site and achieve surgically targeted treatment. In the intraoperative period, decompression or fusion of the disease-causing site only is used. Minimally invasive is firstly the principle and concept, and secondly the surgical treatment with the help of various special tools. In our hospital, depending on the condition, the following methods are generally used for surgical treatment: 1. plasma disc ablation decompression fusion. This method is minimally invasive treatment, no skin incision, our hospital uses the United States introduced percutaneous puncture plasma cryogenic nucleus ablation equipment, the procedure has the characteristics of small trauma, fast recovery. 2.Intervertebral discoscopic open window nucleus pulposus removal surgery. This method requires a small incision (1.6cm-2.0cm) in the back, and a cold light source canal system is used to complete the operation in a small diameter canal, so as to reduce the harassment of normal structures. At the same time, the canal is equipped with its own light source, so that adequate field illumination can prevent surgical malpractice. It is a classic minimally invasive surgery with small trauma and quick recovery. 3.Intervertebral disc removal interbody fusion (generally combined with lumbar instability). Using the concept of minimally invasive, through the unilateral access to bilateral decompression, bone grafting, oblique insertion of a single fusion device to achieve the purpose of minimally invasive treatment.