Seizures are a frequently encountered emergency in neurosurgery, and neurosurgical staff should do a good job of educating epileptic patients and their families about them. The following is the educational material of our department about emergency assistance in case of grand mal seizure. With the development of society and medical technology, people have made great progress in the understanding and prevention of epilepsy. However, to this day, epilepsy is still one of the serious diseases that threaten human health. There are many causes of epilepsy, the common ones are: cranial tumor, cranial trauma, intracranial infection, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, cerebral aneurysm and cerebral arteriovenous malformation. A variety of factors such as environment, emotions, diet, activities, and medications can trigger seizures, which in mild cases not only affect the physical and mental health of the patient, but also worsen the original well-recovered condition, and in severe cases may even be life-threatening. Epilepsy can be divided into grand mal seizures (commonly known as amniotic seizures), petit mal seizures, psychomotor seizures, and limited seizures, among which grand mal seizures are the most serious and most harmful to patients. Here, we focus on the symptoms of grand mal seizures and emergency rescue methods. In the grand mal seizure (spastic seizure period), some patients first let out a sharp cry, followed by loss of consciousness and fall, general muscle tonicity, respiratory arrest, head and eyes can be deviated to the side, a few seconds later there are clonic convulsions, convulsions gradually aggravated, foaming at the mouth (such as tongue was bitten to appear bloody foam), some patients have incontinence, lasting tens of seconds. The respiration resumes during the clonic interval, and the whole body relaxes after the convulsion or enters drowsiness (lethargic phase), after which consciousness gradually returns. In case of a seizure, the patient should be quickly laid flat, without pillows. If the patient has a seizure at home, the patient can be immediately carried to the bed or sofa, or just lie on the carpet to prevent the limbs from being bruised by violent friction with the rough ground during the seizure. If the patient’s neck is in a stiff backward position and the neck cannot be turned sideways, raise one side of the patient’s body and put some clothes under him to make the body close to a side-lying position. Keep the corner of the mouth on one side in the lowest position so that saliva, blood, and vomit can flow out of the corner of the mouth to prevent aspiration pneumonia. During the interictal phase of a seizure all the muscles relax and the clenched teeth are loosened. At this point, the patient’s mouth should be wrenched open as much as possible and a dental pad should be quickly inserted between the upper and lower molars (commonly called the big teeth). The cushion can usually be made of a small towel folded into a roll between the molars to prevent the patient from biting his tongue. It is worth noting that: the pad must be something that will not bite off, otherwise the broken end in the mouth can not be taken out, easy to fall into the trachea in danger; secondly, the pad must be placed between the upper and lower molars, do not place in the upper and lower incisors, canines and other weak teeth, because strong convulsions can make the teeth fracture, especially incisors; thirdly, the rescuer remember never to stick their fingers into the patient’s mouth to prevent sudden The patient may be bitten during a sudden convulsion. Do not forcibly press on the patient’s limbs during a seizure, as this may artificially bruise the patient’s skin and muscles, tear tendons and ligaments, or even cause dislocations and fractures. Even if this does not happen, it will greatly increase the physical exertion of the patient and is not conducive to recovery. Do not force feed the patient with water or medicine to avoid danger. It is important to remember that any measures we take are not intended to stop the patient’s convulsions (because this cannot be done), but to help the patient minimize the damage caused by the convulsions. The most important thing to remember is that the patient should be careful to use the medication as prescribed by the doctor and not to reduce, stop or change the medication on his own, otherwise it may cause continuous seizures. To avoid emotional excitement and exertion, do not ascend, swim, ride, drive cars, should not work next to machines to avoid accidents when seizures occur. If the patient has dentures, they should be removed daily before going to bed. Epileptic patients should not be too hungry or too full, do not overeat, after consuming a lot of sweets at one time, the blood sugar level fluctuates greatly, which can also induce epilepsy. The beverages such as tea, coffee, cola, etc. contain more or less central excitatory substances that will reduce the body’s ability to resist seizures, so they should not be consumed. Epileptic patients should quit smoking and drinking. If you have the habit of smoking but can not quit it is best to smoke less, not more than 5 a day; alcohol and seizures have a clear relationship, long-term heavy drinking can directly produce alcoholic epilepsy. Many patients have experienced seizures induced by drinking alcohol, so epileptic patients should abstain from taking all alcohol and alcoholic beverages.