Treatment The principle of management of chronic cough in children is to identify the cause and treat it for that cause. If the cause is unknown, empirical symptomatic treatment may be administered with a view to achieving effective control; if the cough symptoms do not resolve after treatment, it should be re-evaluated. ACCP recommends that the expectations of parents should be taken into account in the management of non-specific chronic cough in children and emphasizes the importance of post-treatment follow-up and re-evaluation, i.e., watch, wait and review. 1. Expectorant drugs: If chronic cough is accompanied by phlegm, the principle of expectorant should be used, not simply to stop coughing, which may aggravate or lead to airway obstruction, and N-acetylcysteine, aminoglycerol hydrochloride, guaiacol glycerol ether, myrtle oil and herbal expectorants can be used. 2. Antihistamines: H1 receptor antagonists such as chlorpheniramine, loratadine and cetirizine can be used to treat UACS. 3. Antibacterial drugs: Antibacterial drugs can be considered for chronic coughs that are clearly infected with bacteria or Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pathogens. Macrolide antibiotics, including erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin, may be chosen for Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia infections. After initial experience with other pathogenic infections, if antibiotics need to be adjusted, they should be selected according to the results of drug sensitivity tests. 4. Asthma and anti-inflammatory drugs: including glucocorticoids, β2 agonists, M-blockers, leukotriene receptor antagonists, theophylline and other drugs. Mainly used for the targeted treatment of CVA, EB, allergic rhinitis, etc. Glucocorticoid therapy should be re-evaluated after 2 to 4 weeks . Post-infection cough can generally be relieved by itself, and short-term use of inhaled or oral glucocorticoids, leukotriene receptor antagonists or M receptor blockers can be considered for those with severe symptoms. 5. Digestive system drugs: H2 receptor antagonists such as cimetidine and pro-gastric motility drugs such as domperidone are advocated. Lack of experience in the use of proton pump inhibitors in children. 6. Cough suppressants: The use of cough suppressants is not advocated for chronic cough especially before the etiology is clear, and the use of such drugs is associated with morbidity and mortality of some diseases. The American Academy of Pediatrics warns that codeine is prohibited for the treatment of all types of cough. The sedative effect of promethazine (finasteride) has the potential to mislead parents to apply the drug to reduce their child’s fussiness while ignoring the adverse effects of the drug, including irritability, hallucinations, abnormal muscle tone, and even apnea and sudden infant death. Adverse effects are evident in infants, leading the WHO to warn that promethazine is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age and is prohibited as a cough suppressant [A]. The Cochrane review of symptomatic medications for pertussis also mentions no significant benefit from the use of diphenhydramine. Take care to remove or avoid factors that trigger or aggravate cough. 1. Avoid contact with allergens, exposure to cold, and smoky environments; 2. Nasal irrigation and decongestants can be used for sinusitis; 3. Postural changes, changes in food properties, and small and frequent meals are effective for GERC; 4. Foreign bodies in the airways should be removed promptly; 5. The best treatment for drug-induced cough is to stop taking the drug; 6. Psychotherapy can be given for psychogenic cough; 7. Vaccination in a timely manner The best way to prevent respiratory infections and respiratory tract infections.