Cancer is a lifestyle disease: Cancer is actually caused by a combination of factors over a long period of time, not by a single factor. Experts from the World Health Organization have analyzed a lot of research data and pointed out that cancer is actually a lifestyle disease, that is to say, cancer is a disease caused by the long-term effect of people’s unhealthy lifestyle, which also includes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes. The unhealthy lifestyle of people can be summarized into the following four types: Chen Xiaobing, Department of Internal Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital, China 1. Irrational diet: With the improvement of living standard, people begin to step into the misunderstanding of simply pursuing taste enjoyment. It is a typical unhealthy lifestyle to eat whatever you want or love to eat. 2. smoking: smoking is a bad behavior of human beings, it can constitute a variety of health hazards, not only will lead to cancer, but also increase the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. 3. Psychological tension and stress: The relationship between psychosocial factors and cancer is a new area of research. Psychological factors are the emotional reactions that people show in response to environmental contexts such as work, life and disease. Studies have shown that various types of psychological factors have a very important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of cancer. 4. Lack of exercise: With the development of science and technology, heavy physical labor is gradually replaced by mental labor. The invention of electronic computer and television has almost changed the way of work and life of a generation. Now people have cars to go out, elevators to go upstairs, modernized offices, socialized household chores, and even modern people are walking less and less. Therefore, we have to appeal: life is about exercise. Cancer is actually a lifestyle disease. Scientific diet, no smoking, less drinking, keeping a happy mood and insisting on physical exercise are the most realistic and economical ways to prevent cancer. There are nearly 2 million new cancer patients in China every year, and about 1.5 million deaths due to cancer every year, and the incidence of cancer is still increasing at a rate of 2.5% per year. In a study report published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in October 2005, it is pointed out that according to the current trend of cancer incidence, the incidence of cancer worldwide will increase by 50% by 2020, and the number of new cancer patients worldwide will reach 15 million every year. What should we do in the face of such a terrible figure? And how should those who are unfortunate enough to have cancer arrange their diet? If people can refrain from smoking, choose a proper diet, engage in moderate physical activities and minimize exposure to adverse environmental factors, there is a great possibility to avoid the occurrence of cancer. Studies have shown that dietary changes can prevent 50% of breast cancers, 75% of stomach cancers and 75% of colorectal cancers. Experts remind us that scientific diet, no smoking, less alcohol, keeping a happy mood and insisting on physical exercise are the most realistic and economical ways to prevent the occurrence of cancer. There is no good or bad food, but there are advantages and disadvantages in matching; avoidance of food should be different according to the person, disease and medicine Those patients who have already got tumor, adjusting their mentality and arranging their diet reasonably are also helpful to cancer treatment. Some patients worry that rich nutrition will provide more nutrients for tumor growth, so they advocate “starvation therapy”, trying to “starve” tumor cells to death, which is not based on science. Research shows that about 5% of cancer patients are already malnourished at the time of diagnosis. The reason is that cancer patients need 25% to 50% more protein and calories than normal people, and good nutrition can enhance cancer patients’ ability to fight cancer, reduce infectious complications and prolong survival. Therefore, malnutrition is extremely detrimental to patients’ recovery. Healthy people need nutrition, and cancer patients need to enhance nutrition even more, but the diet structure should be reasonable and should not be restricted. Many cancer patients often raise such a question in their treatment – avoidance of food. For example, do not eat moldy food, do not drink alcohol in excess, and do not consume smoked and barbecued food in excess, which is a reminder from modern science that these foods are cancer-causing. The avoidance of food for cancer patients needs to be different from person to person, from disease to disease, and from treatment to treatment. Different from person to person: it means choosing foods according to the cold and hot properties of the disease. If patients are mainly cold, they should avoid cool foods such as pear, watermelon, duck and goose; if patients are mainly endothermic, they should eat less hot foods such as mutton, dog meat, venison, eel and pepper; if patients have spleen and stomach yang deficiency, they should avoid eating sticky, cold, slippery and greasy products such as silver fungus, sunflower seeds and rice cake; if patients have spleen and stomach yin deficiency, they should eat less fried dried fruits, raw onion, pepper and chili, etc. The food should be avoided according to the disease, such as smoked food and stimulating seasoning for stomach cancer patients; overheated drinks and wine for esophageal cancer patients; hard, fried, stimulating food and wine for liver cancer patients; stimulating food, saturated/animal fat and wine for breast cancer patients; alcohol, processed meat and saturated/animal fat for intestinal cancer patients; tobacco, alcohol and stimulating food for lung cancer patients; and food containing saturated/animal fat for prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer patients should not eat androgenic foods such as seahorse, antler, leek and leek flower; gallbladder cancer patients should not eat high fat, wine, fried food and avoid overeating. Varies according to the medication: There is another kind of taboo, which varies according to the medication taken by cancer patients. For example, when taking medicine for strengthening the spleen and stomach, warming the middle and tonifying the qi, one should avoid eating raw, cold and slippery products; when taking the tonic medicine ginseng, one should avoid eating radish, lycopodium, etc. Tumor patients should master five nutritional principles It can be seen that diet and health care are closely related to the recovery of diseases, especially for chronic diseases and tumor patients, they should scientifically arrange the dietary knowledge suitable for their conditions. In general, tumor patients should master the following five nutrition principles: 1. Pay attention to dietary balance: dietary balance is the basis for maintaining the immunity of the body, and common food is the best source of nutrients for the body, and patients with malnutrition and other clinical conditions should have individualized nutrition treatment. 2. Food diversification and rationalization: To ensure the intake of balanced and comprehensive nutrition, daily food diversification is necessary, i.e., according to the proportion of the five major food groups shown in the Chinese population’s balanced diet pagoda. 3. Small and multiple meals, light and easily digestible food: For patients after radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, due to the weakened digestive function, increasing the number of meals can achieve the purpose of reducing the burden on the digestive tract and increasing food intake at the same time. 4. Should not be too much taboo: taboo should be decided according to the condition, disease and the individual characteristics of different patients, not advocate too much taboo. Generally, patients need to restrict or forbid foods such as fried, smoked and barbecued, spicy and stimulating, greasy and raw foods. 5. Choose more foods with anti-cancer effect: eat more fruits and vegetables (such as asparagus, carrots, spinach, tomatoes, potatoes, kiwi, etc.), soybeans and their products, edible mushrooms, nuts, seaweed, barley, milk, eggs and other foods.