Common peroneal nerve injury its treatment principles are: 1, open injury. For sharp injuries and clean wounds, a phase I nerve suture should be done; for firearm injuries or contaminated wounds, do phase II nerve repair after 3-6 weeks of wound healing. 2, closed injuries. The nerve is compressed, stretched and damaged, early fracture and joint re-setting should be done, and the nerve function can mostly recover by itself. If there is no recovery in 1-3 months, surgical examination is required. 3, late nerve injury, should strive to repair within 3 months, and cases more than 1 year after injury should also be actively repaired. 4, according to the time, nature, degree and extent of nerve injury, nerve release, decompression, suture repair or nerve transposition or grafting can be performed respectively, or functional reconstruction surgery at a later stage.