The “ovaries”, as the name implies, are the place where the eggs settle down. The normal ovaries are slightly larger than the thumb, which can be called a bullet point, yet they dominate the rise and fall of the redhead’s life, comparable to the Queen Mother. The ovaries are the undisputed mother-in-law of the uterus, the direct elder of the harem neighbors. Despite the interval between the fallopian tubes, the uterus must follow the ovaries in every move: the monthly cyclical peeling of the endometrium to form menstruation is done under the regulation of the hormones secreted by the ovaries. The fetus, which is “born” in the uterine cavity and is dependent on the ovaries for its growth and development in the early stages of pregnancy (before 12 weeks of gestation), is also dependent on the sex hormones secreted by the ovaries. Literally speaking, the ovaries are the old nest of the egg, where the egg is stored and discharged. I think the naming of female ovaries is a hundred times higher than the naming of male testicles, which only mimics the shape of the last word in the phrase “Wumeng maji go mud pills”, and the word “testis” is so dragging that there is no explanation in the dictionary, and we uneducated people are even more confused. The word “testicle” is so difficult that there is no explanation in the dictionary, and we uneducated people are confused; while the ovary sounds as grounded and approachable as the bird’s nest and the bird’s nest. In addition to storing and discharging eggs, the ovaries are the organs that secrete sex hormones (estrogen, progesterone, androgen) and are the queen of the family, which controls the rise and fall of the female, and governs the rest and recuperation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, vagina, and vulva. Here we have to mention a term: women of childbearing age, or “women of childbearing age” for short. The term “reproductive age women” appears frequently in this book and refers to women between the start of their first menstruation (menarche) and their last (menopause). Theoretically, women in this period have the possibility of pregnancy and childbirth, as long as the fun act of male love is present and the conditions are right. As for the length of the fertile period, there is a great deal of individual variation, depending on the functional lifespan of the ovaries, which is largely determined by genetics (again, it seems like scientific fortune-telling?). In general, a woman’s reproductive life span is very long. Generally speaking, the reproductive age of women is about 30 years, but due to improved nutrition and other reasons, the age of menarche is now earlier and the age of menopause is later. How big is the bullet point? A woman’s two thumbs side by side are about the size of her ovaries (about 4 cm in length, 3 cm in width, and 1 cm in thickness, respectively). The ovaries weigh about 5 grams to 6 grams, are grayish white, and shrink to become smaller and harder after menopause. Similar to a young girl’s face, the ovaries of a newborn baby girl or child have a smooth surface. After youthful development begins, the ovaries expel eggs and secrete sex hormones, and the ovarian rupture after ovulation needs constant repair, so the ovarian surface begins to be somewhat wrinkled and uneven. The number of a woman’s eggs is determined the moment she is born from her mother, even while she is still in her mother’s body. From the moment of birth, the ovaries, the “bank” where the eggs are stored, have special terms and conditions that allow them to be withdrawn but not stored. Every month a woman has a batch of eggs that develop simultaneously, but only one (occasionally two) eggs eventually develop and are expelled from the ovary (ovulation). Although women are important players in reproductive activities, men have the absolute advantage in reproduction in terms of passing on their genes, the most selfish and native behavior of animals (Sperm Wars is recommended). Women can produce 500 eggs in their lifetime, and it takes one year to get pregnant, which means that the number of individuals who pass their genes to the next generation is hardly more than 50; unlike males, if there are enough women for him to pass on his genes (such as the emperor who has three palaces and 72 concubines), and he is more “hardworking “Then the number of individuals he will pass on his genes to the next generation can be thousands! Fortunately, there are morals and laws in this world, otherwise the streets are full of them, are the offspring of the most powerful males on the planet. And to some extent the Creator is fair, despite the generous external conditions for passing on their own genes, but there are always the emperors of all dynasties who have struggled to keep a half-vein, which involves male causes of infertility. Here I would like to mention two things related to female infertility. If for any reason the ovaries do not ovulate every month, there will be no pregnancy or fertility, which is an important cause of female infertility. Alternatively, if the ovaries do not produce enough estrogen and progesterone to support the embryo in the early stages of pregnancy, it is easy to miscarry even if conception occurs (see the 14th chapter: Dragonfly quietly standing on a leaf). Although the ovaries are as powerful as the Queen Mother in determining a woman’s gender identity and fertility, they have several generations of mothers-in-law above them. The ovaries, thyroid, and adrenal glands are the same in terms of generation, and are all favored by the previous emperor, except that from a human reproductive perspective, the ovaries were fortunately enthroned as the Empress Dowager, and the thyroid and adrenal glands were designated as a partial court. Several sisters and children have a common mother-in-law, that is the Empress Dowager – the pituitary gland. However, the pituitary gland is not the highest-ranking figure, it has a living mother-in-law above it, the Empress Dowager – the hypothalamus! On top of it, there is the cerebral cortex. You have probably heard the story of women who stop menstruating after a shock, right? It’s probably related to the cerebral cortex. If you buy a bag of melon seeds and ask for a cup of tea and keep listening, we will talk about it later. Don’t shout OMG or my God just yet, the relationship between human systems and organs is much more than just “four generations in a row”, so science is straightforward. The lineage that inherits female reproductive function is called the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, which has a complex relationship of upward and downward dominance and feedback. In addition, the ovary itself is a tumor-prone human organ, with as many as dozens of tumors occurring! It would be unfair to the other stories if we were to finish all the stories in this one round, as some guests have requested. After talking about the structure and function of the ovaries in outline, the upstream immediate neighbors of the uterus will be introduced. Next I want to focus on the downstream neighbors of the uterus, the vagina and vulva, and the distant relatives of the uterus, the breasts located on the chest. What are the mysteries of these “scenic spots” on women’s bodies that make men’s hearts flutter and even get carried away? See next time how the female vulva, vagina and breasts.