Acute capillary bronchitis, commonly known as wheezing pneumonia, is common in children within 2 years of age, with more children between 2 and 6 months of age, accounting for about 70%-80% of the cases. The main manifestations are acute onset, coughing and wheezing, wheezing, with expiratory wheezing, but also fever, sneezing, nasal flapping, and may be accompanied by conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, and otitis media. In severe cases, trismus, hepatomegaly, cardiac insufficiency, dehydration, and respiratory acidosis are seen, and are the main diseases that hospitalize children within 6 months of age. Acute capillary bronchitis is mainly caused by respiratory syncytial virus, but rhinovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, enterovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also cause acute capillary bronchitis; it can be caused by one virus or by a mixture of pathogens. The disease is mainly spread by droplet transmission, but also by hand transmission. The incubation period is 4-6 days, and the disease is more severe 2-4 days after the appearance of coughing and wheezing. The main pathological changes are inflammation of the capillary bronchi and inflammatory secretions and different degrees of spasm of the capillary bronchial walls, resulting in airway obstruction and respiratory distress. The course of the disease usually lasts for 2-3 weeks, if the correct treatment and care in a timely manner, most of the symptoms can be eliminated in about seven days after the onset of the disease, and the prognosis is mostly good, but some children can have recurrent attacks, asthma-like attacks, newborns or combined with congenital heart and lung diseases have a poor prognosis. Combination of Chinese and Western medicine has good efficacy. The main treatment is to relieve respiratory distress and symptomatic treatment. In mild cases, cold air can be breathed, and in severe cases, oxygen should be administered. In case of irritability, antiallergic and antispasmodic drugs are available; in case of dehydration, oral rehydration or intravenous rehydration should be used; in case of sputum, expectorants are available; in case of combined or secondary bacterial infection, antibiotics are available. In general, Xuanlung Drink, Qinglung Cough Compound, and Diarrhea Cough Compound are often used for oral or enema treatment, and decoction or decoction-free pellets such as Sheugan Mahuang Tang, Ma Heng Shi Gan Tang, and Ting Whee Tang can also be used for oral and enema treatment. Good care and careful observation help early diagnosis, early treatment and prevent complications. Reasonable feeding, good hygiene, avoiding contact with children with colds and other illnesses, not taking children to visit friends and relatives, and not taking children to public places are the basic measures to prevent acute capillary bronchitis.