Many people will be concerned about whether their blood pressure is normal, according to the World Health Organization recommended blood pressure standards are: where the normal adult systolic blood pressure should be less than or equal to 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure is less than or equal to 90 mmHg. If the adult systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 90 mmHg is hypertension; blood pressure value between the above two, diastolic blood pressure in 80 ~ 89 mmHg, is pre-hypertension (U.S. JNC-7 guidelines for the treatment of hypertension). 89 mmHg, is pre-hypertension (US JNC-7 guidelines for the treatment of hypertension). To diagnose hypertension, blood pressure must be measured several times, with at least two consecutive diastolic blood pressure averages of 90 mmHg (12.0 kPa) or higher to confirm the diagnosis of hypertension. The diagnosis cannot be confirmed if the blood pressure is elevated only once, but follow-up is required. For people with hypertension, it is important to meet the blood pressure standard. This is because only when blood pressure is up to standard can heart, brain, kidney and fundus complications be avoided. The World Health Organization has set the goal of controlling blood pressure at 135/85 mmHg, and hypertensive patients with diabetes require a lower systolic blood pressure of 110-130 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 70-80 mmHg. Studies have shown that a 5 mmHg drop in blood pressure can reduce the risk of stroke by 50% and heart attack by 24% within a year, so it is very important to meet the blood pressure standard. The patient’s blood pressure does not meet the standard, there are five main reasons: First, the lack of awareness, do not recognize the importance of reaching the standard. With hypertension requires lifelong medication, but many people think that high blood pressure is nothing, long-term non-medication, or eat two days of blood pressure down to stop medication, this phenomenon is very common in the population without symptoms of hypertension. Second, the treatment plan is inappropriate. Patients see a drug effect is not good, eat two or three tablets, not to go to the doctor to adjust the medication. Third, pure reliance on drugs, without a good lifestyle. Such as taking antihypertensive drugs during the day, but at night, but drinking alcohol, eating spicy and fatty food, or often stay up all night, which makes it difficult to meet the blood pressure standard. Fourth, combined with other diseases are not effectively controlled. Such as obesity, diabetes, especially the body shape like the date nucleus of abdominal obesity, weight if you can down, abdominal circumference to meet the standard (male not more than 90 cm, female not more than 80 cm), many people will also be normal blood pressure. Fifth, poor emotional adjustment. For people who are engaged in securities, real estate and other high-risk occupations, poor adjustment of the mind leads to anxiety and insomnia, stress and strain, can lead to increased blood pressure. So, how can we make blood pressure reach the standard? In a word: adjust the treatment and improve the lifestyle. For some patients with inappropriate treatment plans, we believe that if a patient does not do well on one antihypertensive drug, consider using two, and the combination of two small to medium doses of antihypertensive drugs is highly recommended internationally. The reason is that for each type of antihypertensive drug, the antihypertensive effect is the “rule of 10”. In other words, each antihypertensive drug can reduce blood pressure by 10 mmHg. If you want to further achieve the target, it is often necessary to combine two drugs in small and medium doses to multiply the effect. If you use one drug alone, even if you double the dose, the effect can only increase by 1/3, and the side effects are greatly increased. If three or more antihypertensive drugs are used in combination, the blood pressure still does not reach the standard, called “persistent hypertension”. Such patients need to be checked for renal artery stenosis, adrenal adenoma or kidney function problems. Older people need to be aware of thyroid disease. Hypertension is a physical and mental disease that is also closely related to lifestyle. For example, if you drink milk every day, the calcium in it can lower your blood pressure by 2 to 4 mmHg; if you eat 0.5 to 1 kg of vegetables and fruits every day, the rich potassium can lower your blood pressure by 2 to 4 mmHg; if you do aerobic exercise 5 times a week for half an hour each time, your blood pressure can drop by 8 mmHg. In this way, your blood pressure can drop by more than 10 mmHg if you change your lifestyle. This is the reason why some early mild hypertension can be controlled without medication. Here is a reminder: blood pressure standards require comprehensive, round-the-clock monitoring. Some elderly people buy an electronic blood pressure meter and put it at home, measuring it in the morning and at night, and occasionally they are very happy when it is normal twice, thinking that they have reached the standard. In fact, the standard is never a normal blood pressure measurement by chance, but 24 hours a day blood pressure standard. Normal blood pressure in the morning 6, 7 o’clock began to rise, 9 ~ 10 o’clock to reach the first peak, 11 ~ 12 o’clock noon down, 4, 5 o’clock in the afternoon to reach the second peak, zero at night down to the lowest, this “two peaks and a valley” change like a spoon. Some people have elevated blood pressure at night, which is medically known as “anti-spoon type”, and this kind of high blood pressure is not easy to find like a night killer, which is more likely to cause strokes and heart attacks. Therefore, the standard is not only the numerical value, but also includes the pattern of changes in normal blood pressure in various time periods. Seniors can learn about their blood pressure fluctuations through 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure testing. The purpose of blood pressure attainment is to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Therefore, in order to achieve the goal of blood pressure standard, it is important to pay attention to lipid and blood sugar standard at the same time of lowering blood pressure. Because there are many risk factors for cardiovascular complications, if blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose are all up to standard, the risk of stroke and heart attack can be greatly reduced. – “Is your blood pressure up to standard? Shaoguan Daily” 2006.11.2 (Health Guide 05)