Treatment of thyroid lymphoma needs to be combined with pathological type, lesion extent, and metastasis, and then a comprehensive assessment is needed to develop a treatment plan. This disease is one of the least common malignant tumors of the thyroid gland and is more common in middle-aged and elderly women. The diagnosis relies on fine needle aspiration cytology and postoperative biopsy. Treatment for a single primary tumor has evolved from surgery to a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and other treatments. Surgery for thyroid lymphoma is the most direct and effective treatment mode, which effectively removes the primary lesion and avoids widespread spread of tumor cells and metastasis. However, surgical treatment of thyroid cancer needs to follow certain indications and contraindications of surgery. Although surgery is risky, it is a very scientific way to treat thyroid lymphoma, and it also allows patients to heal sooner. Chemotherapy is very useful in treating thyroid lymphoma, and the patient’s hair will slowly grow back after successful chemotherapy. Radiotherapy alone can be used in the early stages of lymphoma. Radiation therapy can also be used for consolidation therapy after chemotherapy and adjuvant therapy at transplantation. The specific treatment plan needs to be formulated according to the doctor’s examination and various auxiliary examination indexes, and it is best to follow the medical advice.