The breast, in addition to its function as a nursery for the next generation, is also an important symbol of female beauty. Diseases of the breast, whether benign or malignant, can have an impact on the patient. In mild cases, it can affect the quality of life of women, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening. Different age groups have different prevalent diseases. The common diseases of the breast in the prepubescent period are: 1) simple early breast development; 2) early sexual maturity of the breast; 3) mastitis, etc. Among them, the premature breast development of girls is increasing year by year, which deserves parents’ attention. After puberty to youth is a good age for benign breast tumors: fibroadenoma. Middle age and later is the good age for diseases: cystic hyperplasia of the breast, intraductal papilloma, and breast cancer. Pregnancy and lactation is a special and important period in a woman’s life. Due to the effect of estrogen, benign breast tumors tend to increase in size during pregnancy and lactation, while malignant tumors also tend to delay diagnosis during this period due to the increase in breast size and milk production. Therefore, it is recommended that all women who are preparing for pregnancy should have a breast ultrasound examination, which is both economical and effective. Ultrasound is suitable for women of any age and can detect cystic and solid tumors. It provides good reference value for clinicians according to the ultrasound characteristics of tumors. Mammography is not recommended for young women and those with hypoplastic breasts (smaller ones). The main thing is to be aware of self-care and to go to a specialist for regular check-ups. Pay attention to breast health and care for your breasts, starting with your children!