The Use and Development of Immunotherapy in Oncology Clinics

Since U.S. President Chad. Nixon enacted the National Cancer Act in 1971, mankind has been fighting cancer for more than 40 years, but its journey against cancer is still long and trim! One of the most important reasons is due to the fact that cancer cells escape the surveillance, recognition and removal by the immune system, which leads to the development and progression of cancer. Among the many oncology therapies, immunotherapy, which seeks and destroys tumors by harnessing the body’s immune system’s own energy and specificity, is the most compelling therapy today. It has become the fourth best treatment modality in the international fight against tumors due to its targeted killing of tumor cells without side effects. With the intensive development of immunotherapy in recent years, many remarkable achievements have been made. DC active immunity with noteworthy effects. In the battle against tumors, the role of immune cells is particularly crucial. In recent years, tumor cellular immunotherapy developed on the basis of immune cells has received gratifying achievements. Since the discovery of DC, the key “decision cell” of immune system by the famous immunologist Steinman in 1973, DC has played an important role in the induction and regulation of immune response, which has attracted the attention of immunologists and oncologists from all over the world, and DC immunotherapy has been developed rapidly. DC is the largest antigen-presenting cell in the human body, which has the ability to capture tumor antigens and stimulate induced T lymphocytes to inhibit tumor growth and eliminate tumors. DC immunotherapy has improved overall survival for multiple myeloid, recurrent breast cancer patients, melanoma and many other diseases, and is safe and effective without side effects. CIK over-immunization with encouraging results. In terms of transimmune cell immunotherapy, Korea approved NK cells for non-small cell lung cancer and lymphoma as early as 2007; T-cell-based TIL therapy has achieved remarkable results in almost hopeless advanced melanoma, and after the National Cancer Institute used chemotherapy and radiation therapy with removal of immunosuppressive cells combined with transimmune T-cell therapy, the objective response rate of patients rates of up to 40%. CIK (cell-induced multiple killer cells) is one of the types of percutaneous immunotherapy that has a direct killing effect on tumor cells; CIK releases a granzyme on tumor cells that causes them to perforate and direct apoptosis. This treatment is effective in reversing DDP (cisplatin chemotherapy drug) resistance in lung cancer and has good therapeutic effect in metastatic kidney cancer. Combining multiple treatment modalities, immunotherapy is more effective. Cellular immunotherapy combined with multiple treatment modalities can effectively improve the treatment rate of patients. It combines with surgery to improve the immunity of patients’ organism and helps the wound recover quickly. Combined with radiotherapy, it can improve the sensitivity of radiotherapy, reduce the tolerance of tumor cells to chemotherapy drugs and alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy on human body. For some advanced tumor patients, the use of cellular immunotherapy can prolong the survival period of patients. According to the follow-up and tracking of many patients who received cellular immunotherapy for various types of tumors in our hospital, the treatment rate of cellular immunotherapy for cervical cancer, kidney cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer is high, up to 90%, and the treatment rate for lung cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer is up to 80% on average. The fight with tumor is a long and arduous process. Although, the road of cellular immunotherapy in tumor clinical treatment is still long, but with the development of in-depth research in the medical field for the immune community, it is believed that immunotherapy will be more mature and the results are more promising.