Definition】
It refers to the sweat hair density increase longer and more than the normal physiological range, generally manifested as facial, pubic, axillary, abdominal, back and limbs body hair significantly increased growth thickened and black, some also grow beard, chest hair and nipple hair, often accompanied by menstrual disorders, sexual apathy, etc.
Etiology
1, familial hereditary hirsutism.
2, adrenal hirsutism.
3, central hirsutism.
4, ovarian hirsutism.
5, pharmacogenic hirsutism.
6, Insulin resistance syndrome and hirsutism.
7, Idiopathic hirsutism.
8, other nature of hirsutism such as hypothyroidism hirsutism, menopausal hirsutism and pregnancy hirsutism, etc. is mostly temporary hirsutism.
The difference between excessive hair and hirsutism]
Excessive hair: refers to the increase in body surface hair, most have a history of excessive hair in the family, there is nothing masculine performance. Because there is no physical abnormality, no treatment is needed.
Hirsutism: refers to excessive hair growth in some parts of the female body, usually appearing on the upper and lower extremities and face; the distribution form has a male tendency, with increased hair on the jaw, above the lips, in front of the ears, forehead, and back of the neck, with longer hair found around the nipples and in the midline under the umbilicus, and with a diamond-shaped distribution of pubic hair, developing upward and toward the perianal area. Sometimes it is accompanied by masculine phenomena, such as the appearance of laryngeal nodes, low voice tone and clitoral hypertrophy.
Treatment Instruments
1.Semiconductor laser: significant curative effect and small side effects.
2.Long pulse Nd:YAG: safe for dark-skinned patients.
3.Intense pulsed light: fast treatment speed, small adverse reactions.
The principle of laser hair removal
Using the “selective photothermal effect” of the laser, the laser of a specific wavelength passes through the epidermis and directly irradiates the hair follicle. The melanin of the hair follicle and hair shaft selectively absorbs the light energy, and the resulting thermal effect causes necrosis of the hair follicle, and the hair will no longer grow.
Safety of laser hair removal
The laser energy is selectively absorbed by the melanin in the hair follicle and converted into heat energy to destroy the hair follicle without causing damage to the surrounding skin, therefore, as long as you choose a good hospital and doctor, laser hair removal is very safe.
Treatment process
1.Preparation of skin in the hair removal area.
2.People with sensitive skin can be anesthetized with 5% EMLA anesthetic cream on the surface for 60min.
3, according to the hair removal area, skin color, hair thickness to adjust the energy density, pulse width. Up to 40J/cm2, the specific dose is determined by the skin reaction in the treatment area, generally the skin becomes slightly edematous after 5min of treatment as the appropriate dose.
4, the treatment cooling head and the skin to maintain correct contact, each pulse has a little overlap.
5.After the treatment, the ice pack is continuously applied for more than 10min.
6.Avoid strong sunlight exposure for about three months after treatment.
【Treatment time and prognosis】
To remove hair completely, one treatment is impossible to achieve. Because the hair growth cycle is divided into three stages: anagen phase, regression phase, resting phase. Laser hair removal mainly works on the hair in the growth period, but it is basically ineffective on the hair in the regression and resting period, so it is necessary to wait for this part of the hair to be treated again in the next growth period. The treatment cycle is usually 1 month to 1.5 months. The overall efficiency of hair removal is about 85%-95%. Almost all of the coarse hairs can be eradicated and the remaining hairs are slimmer.
【Caution】
1.Cold compress: you can do 10-15 minutes of ice compress after the treatment to relieve the red and hot phenomenon.
2.Cleaning: cold and warm water should be used to clean the treatment area after surgery, and excessive activities such as sun exposure, sauna and massage should not be carried out within a week.
3.Post-operative reaction: Very few people may have temporary pigmentation changes after treatment, which can be repaired by themselves in 3-6 months. During the treatment period, please pay attention to sun protection, the sun protection factor should be above 30 times, and forbid to eat photosensitive food.
4.Micro treatment: hair removal can be assisted by plucking tweezers to remove the dead hairs after the procedure.
5.Adherence to treatment: hair removal needs to adhere to the full course of treatment to achieve satisfactory results.
Adverse reactions】
1, erythema: irradiated area can have light red spot, generally a few days after the natural fading.
2, peeling: some people appear brown scab after treatment, 1 week can fall off naturally.
3, pigmentation: a few people may appear light brown spots, which is a reaction of the skin to laser treatment, as only a few people occur, and therefore related to the special constitution of individuals. If hyperpigmentation occurs, most of them can still recover after a few months.
4, scar: theoretically this selective laser does not cause irreversible damage to the normal tissue around the hair follicle. However, if there is a special body type, or if the local area is not cleaned and bacterially infected after the procedure, small scarring may occur.