Similar to a spinal endoscope, an intervertebral foramoscope is a light-equipped tube that enters the intervertebral foramen from the side or side and back of the patient’s body (either in a flat or oblique fashion) and performs the procedure in a safe working triangle. The procedure is performed outside the disc’s fibrous annulus, and the herniated nucleus pulposus, nerve roots, dural sac and hyperplastic bone tissue can be clearly seen under direct endoscopic vision. The herniated tissue is then removed using various types of grasping forceps, the bone is removed microscopically, and the broken fibrous annulus is repaired with radiofrequency electrodes. The surgical trauma is small: the skin incision is only 7mm, like the size of a soybean grain, bleeding is less than 20ml, and only 1 stitch is needed after the operation. It is the minimally invasive treatment for herniated disc with the least trauma and the best effect among similar surgeries. The intervertebral foraminoscope removes the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus and hyperplastic bone to relieve the pressure on the nerve roots and eliminate the pain caused by nerve compression by means of a specially designed intervertebral foraminoscope and the corresponding supporting minimally invasive spinal surgical instruments, imaging and image processing system. Minimally invasive spine surgery system. In addition to complete removal of the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus, it also removes osteophytes, treats spinal stenosis, and repairs broken annulus fibrosus using radiofrequency technology. A: For cases of simple disc herniation and partial prolapse, the posterior lateral safety triangle approach is preferred. B: The distal lateral horizontal approach is suitable for central giant herniation. C:Posterior or interlaminar approach for free or calcified type patients D:For almost all types of disc herniation and some cases of bony stenosis III. Patients with herniated discs selected for minimally invasive surgery must exhibit signs and symptoms of nerve root compression and must meet the following conditions: 1. persistent or recurrent radicular pain; 2. more radicular pain than lumbar pain. If the symptoms of lumbar pain are greater than leg pain in patients with moderate or less bulging can first do cryogenic plasma meduloplasty; 3, after strict conservative treatment has failed. including the use of steroidal or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain medications, physical therapy, and occupational or condition training procedures, conservative treatment is recommended for at least 4-6 weeks, but immediate surgery is required if there is a progressive worsening of neurological symptoms; 4. No history of substance abuse or psychological disorders; 5. Positive straight leg raise test with difficulty bending; 6. In order to precisely determine the location and nature of the herniated or prolapsed nucleus pulposus, as well as the intervertebral foraminal osteophytes situation, a thorough imaging examination, especially CT and MRI, should be performed before surgery to accurately determine the size, location and nature of the nucleus pulposus. Intervertebral foraminoscopy compared with other treatments Indirect decompression techniques such as mechanical nucleus pulposus excision and decompression, chemical nucleolysis or laser vaporization, foraminoscopic disc removal is a direct technique for targeted removal of herniated disc fragments and decompression of nerve roots. Although the posterior discoscopic technique (MED), which has been widely recognized in recent years, can be used for all types of lumbar disc herniation, its minimally invasive nature is limited because its surgical approach and procedure are the same as that of small-incision open surgery, which requires a paravertebral muscle approach and implementation of a laminar opening with removal of muscle ligaments and bony structures. Compared with intervertebral foraminoscopy, it has obvious advantages such as less trauma, less bleeding, easier anesthesia, faster postoperative recovery and less economic burden. Comparison Minimally invasive intervertebral foraminoscopy technique Traditional surgery Trauma size: visualization, minimally invasive, only 6mm, need to open the vertebral plate, leakage, nucleus pulposus, wound about 6cm Surgical time: shorter 60-90 minutes Safety: safer, clear vision, can effectively avoid the risk of misoperation, prone to wound adhesions, etc., riskier Surgical efficiency: about 97.5% 94.6% Bleeding: minimal, almost no bleeding 90±20ml Pain: painless, slightly painful after surgery Analgesic use Local anesthesia, about 10n Spinal anesthesia, about 52n Bed rest time 1 day 7-8 days Hospital stay 3-5 days 17-24 days Postoperative care is easier Basically self-care after 1 day More complicated, postoperative wound drainage, etc., 6 days before sitting and standing Recurrence rate Less than 3%, almost no recurrence More than 10%, higher Recovery time Faster, 3-6 weeks Average 6.5-20 weeks