1. What is testicular microlithiasis? It is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple calcifications in the testes, which are diffusely distributed in the testicular spermatogenic tubules and formed by numerous foci of calcification <3mm in diameter. 2.Why do testicular microliths occur? Current research shows that it is related to abnormal testicular development (such as cryptorchidism, testicular dysplasia, Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome, etc.), obesity, hyperlipidemia, varicose veins of the spermatic cord, etc. Regardless of their causes, the deposits formed by the collagen material tissue and calcium salts wrapped around the shed epithelial cells of the germinal tubules eventually lead to the production of testicular microliths. 3.What is the risk of testicular microliths? Testicular microliths can significantly affect sperm function (including reduced sperm production, reduced sperm concentration) and even lead to testicular atrophy. At the same time, testicular microliths are closely related to testicular tumors, and it is believed that testicular microliths are a kind of benign testicular lesions suspected to be precancerous but relatively slow in progress. 4.How to treat testicular microliths? For those with combined epididymitis and infected syringomyelia, anti-infection treatment can be given; for those with combined varicocele and indicated for surgery, surgery can be performed; for combined cryptorchidism, testicular descending fixation can be performed! If there are no symptoms and the semen quality is normal or there is no need for fertility, ultrasound can be reviewed regularly (annually). For oligozoospermia combined with cryptorchidism, in addition to surgery, we should not forget the ancestral Chinese medicine! Chinese herbal medicine based on the principle of tonifying the kidney and draining the liver, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis also has good efficacy in the treatment of this disease!