Although many clinical conditions can cause jaundice, obstructive jaundice due to extrahepatic bile duct obstruction, because its onset is not due to the cause of liver pathology, can be reduced or removed more rapidly if the cause is promptly removed. Among the treatment measures, surgical treatment plays an important role. 1. Bile duct tumors: These tumors generally cause a gradual increase in painless jaundice. Dilation of the bile ducts above the obstruction site can be detected on imaging and signs of bile duct tumors can be found. If the patient is still in good health and has no distant metastases, he/she should be seen in hepatobiliary surgery so that appropriate surgical resection measures can be developed. Surgical measures include, resection of bile duct tumor; pancreaticoduodenectomy, etc. 2, bile duct stones: as the saying goes, running water does not rot. The human bile duct is like a sewer. If blocked, it must cause disease. The jaundice caused by bile duct stones is usually accompanied by symptoms of bile duct infection, such as abdominal cramps chills fever nausea and vomiting. These symptoms can be relieved with anti-infection treatment, but can recur. Sometimes acute pancreatitis can also be induced. If the patient’s physical condition allows, surgical treatment should be considered. This condition usually includes gallbladder stones and gallbladder inflammation, so the gallbladder should be removed while the bile duct stones are surgically removed and the bile ducts are unblocked. Sometimes the patient also has a combination of intrahepatic bile duct stones and atrophy of the liver lobe, which should be treated together. In this case, it is important not to treat only the extrahepatic bile duct lesions. Otherwise, the above symptoms will recur. 3.Inflammatory stenosis of bile ducts: This condition is less common, but it is easily confused with bile duct tumor. The nature of the lesion should be clarified as much as possible before or during surgery. However, if the lesion is located in the intrapancreatic bile duct or the end bile duct, sometimes it is not easy to perform biopsy during surgery. Surgery may include dilatation of the stenosed bile duct and drainage by intra-biliary support duct; resection of the diseased bile duct, etc. 4. Although bile duct stones can be removed by endoscopic bile duct excision (EST), it should be noted that if the stones are large in diameter or number, or if they are combined with gallbladder stones or intrahepatic bile duct stones, surgery should be performed. 5. Sometimes bile duct tumor can be combined with bile duct stones, which should be noted. The treatment of tumor should not be neglected because of the treatment of stones only. 6.Other tumors cause extrahepatic bile duct obstruction, such as pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, duodenal tumor and so on. On the basis of treating the original disease, we should remove the bile duct obstruction, unblock the bile duct drainage and treat jaundice at the same time. In conclusion, obstructive jaundice caused by extrahepatic bile duct lesions is more complicated and should be seen by the hepatobiliary surgery department of a large general hospital in a timely manner to avoid delaying treatment.