1.If infertility is suspected to be caused by poor semen quality, what tests should be done at the consultation? Depending on the severity of the sperm quality, if the semen is abnormal once, the semen can be rechecked. If the patient has severe oligospermia, the reproductive hormones, chromosomes and scrotal ultrasound can be further checked. 2. How many times do semen tests need to be done in total and how long is the interval between each test? What are the effects of too long or too short a period of time? Two and more consecutive semen analyses suggesting sperm concentration <15×106/ml, or total sperm count <39×106/ml, one ejaculation, while greater than zero, are called oligospermia. Two or more consecutive semen analyses suggesting forward motion ratio (PR) <32%, or forward motion sperm + non-forward motion sperm ratio (pr+np) <40% are called weak spermatozoa. If the first examination is abnormal, the second examination of semen up to 2 days (48h or more) to 7 days from the previous ejaculation interval. To be rechecked after an interval of 1 to 2 weeks, a third semen analysis is also required if the difference between the results of the first two examinations is large. 3. Can the diagnosis of oligozoospermia be confirmed if the semen test results are good and bad? It can only mean that the semen is unstable. See the second article for the diagnostic criteria. 4.What are the precautions before semen examination? (1) The interval between the previous ejaculation reaches 2 days (more than 48h) to 7 days; rest well the day before the semen extraction, do not stay up late, ensure sleep, and avoid sauna or hot tubs. (2) Try to masturbate for sperm retrieval, no condom or lubricant should be used in the process of sperm retrieval, and the semen specimen should not be contaminated by saliva, urine, water, soap, etc. If you cannot masturbate for sperm retrieval, you can use the in vitro sperm extraction method or use a special sperm retrieval sleeve; (3) Send the sperm to the laboratory within 60 minutes after sperm retrieval, and inform the time of sperm retrieval; (4) All the ejaculated semen should be collected and sent for examination, and should not be left outside the sperm retrieval cup, and if the ejaculated (5) If the semen is partially lost, the specimen will not reflect the real situation of the patient's semen; (5) If the semen is collected outside the hospital, it should be sealed during the delivery and the temperature of the semen should be kept between 25℃ and 35℃; (6) If the semen result of the first examination is not normal, it should be reexamined after an interval of 1 to 2 weeks, and if the results of the first two examinations are different, a third semen analysis should be performed. Semen examination for azoospermia patients should be carried out with special care, at least three rigorous semen collections and examinations, and all semen specimens with no sperm seen on microscopic examination should be centrifuged to determine the presence or absence of sperm in the sediment. 5.What tests are usually needed to clarify the cause of oligospermia after the diagnosis of oligospermia? Reproductive hormones can be checked for oligozoospermia. Severe oligozoospermia requires further examination of reproductive hormones, chromosomes and ultrasonography. 6.How long do I need to wait for the appointment for each of these tests? How long does it take to get the results after the test? No appointment is needed for reproductive hormones and chromosomes, but the appointment for ultrasound examination depends on the hospital. Generally, the chromosome report will be available in about three weeks. 7.How often do patients on medication need to have follow-up examinations and what tests are done at the follow-up examinations? Generally, the follow-up examination is once a month, and the main examination is semen.