Routine semen analysis is the cornerstone of the laboratory for male fertility assessment and has important clinical significance for male infertility diagnosis and treatment. Whether semen collection is standardized is the basic prerequisite for a good semen assay. Therefore, before semen collection, clinicians must inform the subject in detail about the methods and precautions for semen collection and delivery, mainly the following: 1. Abstinence and no seminal emission (i.e., no sex, masturbation, seminal emission, etc.) should be performed for at least 48 hours, but not more than 7 days, before specimen collection. To reduce the fluctuation of semen analysis results, the number of days of abstinence should be the same as possible, too short a time may affect the sperm count; too long a time may affect sperm viability. 2. The patient should preferably have 2 semen analyses for the first examination. The interval between 2 semen collections should be greater than 7 days, but not more than 3 weeks. If there is a significant difference between the two results, the specimen should be taken again for the 3rd analysis. 3. Semen collection must be complete, and it is best not to spill semen outside the semen retrieval cup when ejaculating. Incomplete semen should not be analyzed because semen is a mixture, especially the anterior part of semen has a high sperm count, and if this part of semen is lost it has a greater impact on the sperm count. 4, semen collection is best done individually in the sperm collection room near the laboratory, otherwise, it should be sent to the laboratory within 1 hour after collection, paying attention to insulation, and semen can be carried close to the body. 5.It is best to take semen by masturbation. The semen should be collected in a wide-mouth glass or plastic container that has no toxic effect on sperm, and the temperature should be kept at 20℃ to 37℃ to avoid reducing sperm vitality. If microbiological examination (e.g. bacteria, etc.) is to be done, the patient should first urinate and wash his hands and penis, and collect it in a sterile sperm collection cup. 6, if masturbation is difficult, special condoms can be used to interrupt intercourse for semen collection, because the daily latex condoms can affect the survival of sperm, so they cannot be used for semen collection; at present, special condoms for sperm collection are not available in the market. 7. The interrupted intercourse method without condom protection cannot be used for semen collection either, as it may result in the initial partial loss due to ejaculation, which is often the highest concentration of sperm, and the semen will be contaminated by bacteria and microorganisms in vaginal secretions, while acidic vaginal secretions will also have a negative impact on sperm viability, etc.