What is congenital heart disease (congenital heart disease)? A structural abnormality of the heart and large blood vessels that exists before birth due to genetics, gene expression, viral infection, drugs, radiation, etc. is called congenital cardiovascular disease (or congenital heart disease, or congenital heart disease). Congenital heart disease is present at birth, but not always detected, and can be divided into two main categories: cyanotic and non-cyanotic congenital heart disease. Cyanotic precardiac disease is easily detected, while non-cyanotic precardiac disease is not easily detected in the early stages, and is often discovered during physical examinations or visits to other diseases. There are three common types of precardiac disease: atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and ventricular septal defect (all non-cyanotic). Do atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus account for a large percentage of congenital heart disease? The total incidence of congenital heart disease is about 7 to 8 per 1,000 in normal people, and our epidemiological survey shows that the incidence of neonatal congenital is 150,000/year, and the above three diseases account for 70% of congenital heart disease. How can we achieve early and timely detection and diagnosis of congenital heart disease? Many congenital heart diseases are asymptomatic at the earliest and are less likely to be detected, but are discovered during physical examinations or when looking at other diseases due to heart murmurs. In the above mentioned congenital heart disease, the most important symptom is susceptibility to colds and pneumonia, if not clearly diagnosed in time and operated early, irreversible pulmonary hypertension will be formed, thus losing the opportunity of surgical treatment. In conclusion, it is best to make a clear diagnosis of precocious heart disease at the neonatal stage so that the best time for surgery can be determined as early as possible. If precocious heart disease is suspected, it is important to choose a regular hospital of a certain standard to make an accurate diagnosis by a professional doctor. Through cardiac ultrasound, and a doctor with a professional level of ultrasound, ultrasound is the easiest, most direct, basic and valuable method to confirm the diagnosis of congenital heart disease, which can be determined in 5 to 10 minutes. Is congenital heart disease scary? Do all congenital heart diseases require immediate surgery? Congenital heart disease is actually not terrible, what is terrible is that it is not detected in time and not treated at the best time, so that it develops to an advanced stage causing severe pulmonary hypertension, and then all treatment opportunities may be lost, so to speak, if it can be checked early, detected early and treated in time, it can be completely restored to normal, and the growth and development of the child will not be affected. Heart disease has its best time for treatment, generally the best treatment age range is 3-5 years old, once lost this time may be a lifelong regret, some although the surgery, but because of missed the best period of early treatment, affecting the growth and development of children and even life. The rapid development of cardiac surgery and medical interventional techniques has made it possible to perform surgery for precocious heart disease entirely from the point of view of the disease, without special consideration for the age of the child. Parents of children should go to a cardiovascular hospital for diagnosis and treatment by a cardiac surgeon as soon as possible under safe and guaranteed conditions to avoid missing the best time for surgery. In some cases, interventional blocking is all that is needed to cure the disease. But each condition should be analyzed specifically, individual differences, should listen to the advice of experts, because the development of the condition of precardiac disease to a certain extent can lead to pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hypertension may lose the opportunity to treat, if it is severe pulmonary hypertension, then lost the opportunity to treat, the lesion is very serious, even the conditions of extracardiac surgery are lost, very unfortunate. Therefore, in principle, the key to all precordial diseases is early detection and early treatment under safe and guaranteed conditions as soon as possible in a specialized cardiovascular hospital by a very skilled specialist in surgery. What is interventional blocking of precardiac disease all about, is it painful? Does it take a long time? Interventional blocking of congenital heart disease is a new treatment method, which is a blessing for most patients, as if a special tiny umbrella is passed through the catheter into the blood vessel to the heart gap, and the doctor manipulates it outside the body, the small umbrella slowly opens and seals the gap, only a little painful when playing anesthesia, almost no feeling, very short time, the incision is only 3-4 mm so A little bit, 2-3 days can be discharged. Its superiority is that it avoids the trauma and danger of open-heart surgery, the patient suffers little pain, the recovery time is short, the complications are few, the efficacy is reliable, and it has the incomparable advantages of surgery. However, many patients have little understanding of this treatment method and have concerns that the treatment is not complete, including doctors who are not specialized in this field also have insufficient knowledge about this, in fact, once this treatment is successful, it should be lifelong and does not require a second treatment. Of course, this must be done by a specialized doctor with considerable experience. Which precordial diseases are suitable for interventional treatment? Currently, most atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, and pulmonary valve stenosis can be completely cured by interventional treatment, and children can live, study, and work as normal after surgery. The success rate of interventional treatment has reached 95% to 100%. What are the advantages of interventional treatment for precardiac disease? Traditional open-heart surgery for precardiac disease requires three hurdles: general anesthesia, open-heart surgery and postoperative recovery, and leaves lifelong scars. Compared with this, the advantages of interventional treatment are obvious: (1) Small trauma: no incision is needed on the back of the chest, only a 2-3 mm incision in the groin (usually no scarring). (2) No need for general anesthesia: local anesthesia is only made in the groin, avoiding the accident of general anesthesia and the toxic side effects of general anesthesia on the brain, liver, kidneys and other organs, especially avoiding the influence of anesthetic drugs on the intellectual development of children’s brains; (3) No need for blood transfusion: because of the low bleeding of interventional treatment, no blood transfusion is needed. (3) No blood transfusion: Because of the low bleeding of interventional treatment, no blood transfusion is needed, which avoids infectious diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS that may be caused by blood transfusion; (4) Short procedure: The operation time of interventional treatment is short, for example, it only takes about 30 minutes to seal an atrial septal defect, and the child can get up and move around in 6-12 hours after the operation, and can be discharged in 3-5 days; (5) No rejection: Because the blocking devices currently used are made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, they are not antigenic and can be used in the child’s body. (5) No rejection: Since the blockers used are made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, they are not antigenic and will not cause rejection in the child’s body. What conditions are not suitable for this procedure? (1) Children with the following ventricular septal defects are not suitable for intervention: concurrent cardiac malformations requiring surgery; pulmonary venous malformation drainage; severe pulmonary hypertension – with bidirectional shunts; and atrial fibrillation (a type of heart rate arrhythmia). (2) The following children with ventricular septal defect should not receive interventional treatment: the vessel is too thin and the delivery sheath is difficult to insert; the anatomical location of the defect is poor and the function of the aortic valve may be affected after placing the blocker. (3) The following children with patent ductus arteriosus should not receive interventional treatment: several coexisting cardiac defects or malformations; the child’s weight is less than 4 kg. Will the occluder fall out during subsequent exercise after it is moved into the heart? How long will the blocker last? Will it come off as the heart grows older? During the procedure, a push-pull test is done when the blocker is released, and the heart ultrasound test is performed after observing that the umbrella has been well hung in the left and right atria, and if a lot of force is used when pushing and pulling, it means that the blocker is well fixed and will not fall off, and the fall off is minimal. The blocker is made of memory alloy and becomes the core when it is placed in the heart. The outside fibrous tissue, blood tissues, and fibrin are tightly attached to the blocker and covered by the outside tissue. The lifespan of a pacemaker is 7-8 years, while a blocker can be used for life.