1, the physical factors of the elderly, the role and significance of the physical in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment has been emphasized by generations of medical doctors. The classification of human physique and age group, as early as the “Ling Shu 逆顺肥瘦” will be divided into fat people, thin people, fat and thin moderate people, there are gas slippery and astringent, blood clear and cloudy, the skin of the black and white, the thickness of the meat, as well as the strong man, infants and so on. The age group is divided into child, small, young, strong, green, old, or 10 years for a period to divide the age group, and discusses the physical characteristics of each age group, indicating that the human body growth and development process has obvious age differences. The Suwen? The Ancient Heavenly Truth” also said: “Women six seven, three yang pulse decline in the upper, the face is scorched, hair began to white; seven seven, the Ren vein is weak, the Taichong vein declined less, the days of the exhaustion, the ground is not passable, so the shape of the bad and childless. …… husband five eight, kidney gas decline, hair fall teeth haggard; six eight, yang gas failure on the face, face coke, hair sideburns awarded white; seven eight, liver gas decline, tendons can not move, the sky failed, less essence, kidney Tibetan failure, the shape of the body are extreme; eight eight, then the teeth and hair to go. The kidney is the main water, by the essence of the five and six provinces and hide, so the five Tibet Sheng, is able to write. Now, all the five Tibetans are declining, the tendons and bones are falling, and the deca is exhausted. Therefore, the hair sideburns white, the body heavy, walking incorrectly, and no son of the ear.” This is a good illustration of the physical state of the elderly. Physical factors constrain the return of disease symptoms and transmission, such as yang deficiency or yin-sheng physique of people, after the onset of symptoms from the cold, from the wet; yin deficiency or yang-sheng physique of people, after the onset of symptoms from the hot, from the dry. The same is the feeling of dampness, the normal physique of the person manifested as wet evidence, while the yang-heat physique of the person is easy from the yang into heat as “hot and wet”, the yin-cold physique of the person is easy from the yin into cold and “cold and wet”. In old age, the physical characteristics of the body are mostly qi deficiency and yang deficiency; the reversal of qi deficiency in qi deficiency is often combined with blood deficiency, blood stasis, and phlegm-dampness. When yang qi is deficient, the transportation of fluid is the first thing to be affected. If fluid cannot be transported, phlegm-dampness will be generated internally, and phlegm-dampness internal obstruction will affect yang qi’s production and operation. 2. Characteristics of tumors in the elderly The fundamental cause of tumor formation is the deficiency of the positive and the solidity of the positive and the evil, and the unclean and uncontrolled diet, and the invasion of poisonous evils. Positive deficiencies and evil realities are mostly caused by the imbalance of yin and yang, the weakness of positive qi, and the internalization of evils and poisons. For example, The Origin of All Diseases says, “Accumulation is due to yin and yang disharmony and the weakness of the internal organs, and is subjected to wind and evils, and is called by the gas in the internal organs.” ; Dietary impurity and irregularity, poisonous evil invasion, as the Song “Jisheng Fang” said “too much to eat five flavors, fish, fishy cheese, strong food cold, fruit and vegetables, stop the storage of gastric alkali, …… for a long time will be the formation of the obstruction in the abdomen Y.”. The above pathogenic factors invade the human body for a long time or lead to the dysfunction of internal organs and meridians and the formation of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm coagulation, poisonous and fire pathological products, which in turn can further damage the internal organs and meridians and aggravate the accumulation of pathological products, and finally lead to the formation of tumors. As Zhu Danxi said, “Or because of less are long careless, or external wind-cold, internal injury to seven emotions, or taste too thick partial yang qi, accumulation into the pro-heat, or anxious and easy to anger, phase fire up inflammation, so that the fluid can not.” Elderly tumor patients who have undergone multiple radiation and chemotherapy often show obvious symptoms of kidney deficiency, mostly yin and yang deficiency. From the point of view of radiation, chemotherapy drugs on human tissue burns, ionizing radiation, drug poison are a kind of heat-killing substances, seems to belong to the Chinese medicine “fire and heat” of the poisonous evil. Heat is a yang evil, which is most likely to injure fluid and deplete fluid, resulting in deficiency of yin in lung, stomach, liver and kidney; and elderly patients have yang deficiency, which is most likely to become the evidence of yin and yang deficiencies. Therefore, the pathogenesis of elderly tumor patients after radiotherapy and chemotherapy is characterized by mixed deficiency and reality, more deficiency and less reality, and deficiency of both yin and yang. (1) Principle of comprehensive treatment Clinically, most of the early symptoms of tumors are not obvious, and when they are found to be in the middle or late stage; or due to the treatment of recurrence, the single treatment can not reach the goal of eradication, so comprehensive treatment should be emphasized; the ideal goal of comprehensive treatment is to adopt the advantages of multiple treatment methods, play its comprehensive role, minimize the load of tumors, and inhibit the growth and development; at the same time, minimize the toxic side effects, i.e., minimize the side effects, and reduce the toxic side effects, so that the patients can be treated with chemotherapy and chemotherapy. Ideally, the goal of comprehensive treatment is to use the advantages of multiple therapeutic methods to maximize the reduction of tumor load and inhibit its growth and development; at the same time, to reduce its toxic side effects as much as possible, i.e., 1+1＞2; however, at present, in the comprehensive treatment of tumors by combining traditional Chinese and Western medicines, especially in the comprehensive use of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, more considerations are given to the killing of tumor cells, and it is desirable for Chinese medicine to cooperate with the treatment to alleviate the complications and toxic side effects, to improve the immune function of the patients, to promote the recovery and prevention of recurrence and metastasis, and to promote the long-term efficacy of the treatment, with the main purpose to prolong survival. The implementation of integrated treatment should be based on different types of diseases, different patients, different stages of the disease using different treatment methods, while according to the patient’s examination results, signs and symptoms, weighing the pros and cons; that is, traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the “due to the time”, “due to the place”, That is, Chinese medicine emphasizes “according to the time”, “according to the place” and “according to the person”, adopting different methods, so as to achieve “different treatments for the same disease” and “the same treatment for different diseases”. (2) Staged Treatment Principles My teacher taught me that in clinical practice, great importance is attached to looking, smelling, questioning, and cutting, and that in the intricate factors, the doctor should decide the main, secondary, light, and heavy treatments of “supporting the right and dispelling the wrong” according to the patient’s degree of righteousness, wickedness, emptiness, and solidity. We realize that many treatments of western medicine (such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) can be regarded as the “dispelling” effect of Chinese medicine, and its intensity is even stronger. Therefore, shortly after the surgery or during the period of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the Chinese medicine treatment should be focused on supporting the positive, alleviating the toxicity and side-effects, and restoring the function of internal organs, and it is not appropriate to use too many drugs for dispelling the negative effects of the disease. For the early stage of the disease, or have not used surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, “evil solid” more than “positive deficiency”, Chinese medicine focus on eliminating the main evil, supporting the positive as a supplement; medium-term surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy after the recovery of the body function of the patient, the decline of evil is gradually restored, the elimination of the evil to support the positive balance, and attack and supplement; the late stage of the disease or surgery, or more powerful, therefore, Chinese medicine treatment should be based on the elimination of evil, reduce toxic side effects, restore the function of the internal organs, should not use too much medicine. For patients with late stage of disease or surgery or many times of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, positive deficiency and evil solid or positive deficiency and evil decline, and low function of internal organs, the main focus should be on supporting the positive, and the second focus should be on dispelling the evil. 4. Characteristics of medication for elderly tumors (1) Drugs for expelling evil spirits The drugs are mostly Chinese medicines with strong medicinal properties. For example, the drugs such as Bambusa, Toad Fungus, Scorpion, Centipede, Snake Venom, Arsenic, Wolf Venom, etc.; for example, the drugs such as Tunicate Root, Cat Ginseng, Anise Maple, Bird’s Nest, Tiger Cane and so on, which can promote blood circulation, remove blood stasis and detoxification; for example, Cat’s Paw Grass, Xia Kucuo Cao, Peony Aphid, Kung Fu and so on, which can soften and resolve phlegm, dissipate knots, etc.; for example, Snake Tongue Herb, Snake Venom, Semipterocarpus, Semipterocarpus, Gold Honeysuckle, Trifolium and so on, which can clear away heat and remove toxin, etc.. These drugs have anti-cancer, anti-virus, anti-proliferative, controlling and shrinking cancerous tumor, but they should not be used in a strong way; it has been reported before that Cloverleaf Green has anti-cancer effect, and some patients have used it in large doses, and the result is toxic side-effects. Chinese medicine has the saying that “medicines have three poisons”, which suggests that we should use them rationally in clinic, and should not use them excessively for too long a period of time, otherwise, the disease will not be eliminated, and the medicines will hurt people. (2) Positive medicines Positive medicines have the effect of adjusting the body’s qi, blood, yin and yang, enhancing the function of tissues and organs, improving immune function, improving symptoms, improving the quality of life and prolonging life. That is, by replenishing qi, nourishing blood, eliminating yin and helping yang, to achieve qi and blood harmonization, yin and yang secret. Wild ginseng is the best choice to replenish the strongest effect of qi, such as yang deficiency and cold body can choose Bei Zhi Shen, red ginseng and so on. Generally used astragalus, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng and so on, nourishing yin and nourishing blood is more often used in Northern Radix Panax Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Radix Staphylococcus, Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Colla Corii Asini, Radix Polygoni Multiflori and so on. (3) Traditional Chinese medicine is used in conjunction with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. After surgery, tissues and organs are damaged, manifesting as insufficient qi and blood, and dysfunction, so traditional Chinese medicine is suitable for adjusting the function of the spleen and stomach, replenishing qi and nourishing blood, and supplementing the adjustment of the function of the internal organs. Radiotherapy is “heat toxicity”, easy to injure the fluid, early appropriate to nourish yin and clear heat, Radix Panax Ginseng, Radix Panax Ginseng or (American Ginseng), Tian Maidong, Radix et Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Dendrobium, Xianhe Cao, Snake Tongue Herb, etc. in order to benefit the qi and nourish yin and clear the heat and remove the toxins; late appropriate to strengthen the nourishment of the liver and kidney. (4) Pay attention to the application of kidney-warming drugs Because of the physical condition of the elderly themselves, there are deficiencies in yin, yang, qi and blood, and after many chemotherapy treatments, there are often symptoms of kidney yin and yang deficiency, such as lumbar soreness and fatigue, or fear of cold or hot flashes, spontaneous sweating or night sweating, white face, clear and long urination, stools, or ponds or secretions, and a pale tongue. Treatment should not only focus on kidney yin, but also take into account warming and tonifying kidney yang. The effects of warming and tonifying Kidney-Yang medicines are, in order of strength, antler slices, cinnamon, light epiphyllum, antler cream, cynomolgus, cynomolgus, and so on. The following precautions should be taken when using these medicines: (1) Because they can raise blood pressure, they should be used with caution by people with high blood pressure. (2) All of them are hot in nature, easily injuring the yin and helping the fire; if they are used for those with spleen deficiency, when dry mouth occurs, it means that they have been “neutralized”, and should be neutralized to stop the disease. Used for yin deficiency, only to take the meaning of “yang seeking yin”, the dosage is light, short time, more light epiphyllum; such as used to help yang dampness, depending on the degree of dampness in the spleen, can be used to cinnamon to retreat from the black thick moss, with light epiphyllum to dissolve the throat of the wet phlegm. (3) in view of the light epiphyllum warm and keep, and cinnamon, antler slices warm and go away nature; application should pay attention to the former easy to cause constipation, or stool line is not smooth; the latter also has the role of warming the meridians. (4) For the warm nature of light epiphyllum, it can be used with Dan Shen, tortoise board, etc. to make the system.