What are the common causes of itchy rash?
Causes of itchy rash include.
1, the elderly hormone levels, such as lower levels of sex hormones, may be one of the causes of itching. Such as itchy skin in women during menopause.
2, elderly skin metabolic disorders, elderly skin atrophy, and lack of sebum nourishment, skin blood flow disorders, nutritional deficiencies, susceptible to the stimulation of hot and cold changes in the surrounding environment, inducing itching, that is, pruritus in the elderly.
3, abnormal thyroid function, hyper- and hypothyroidism can also occur itchy skin.
4, diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus patients due to absolute or relative reduction of insulin, and lead to disorders of sugar, fat and protein metabolism, so that pyruvate can not be completely oxidized, pyruvate and lactic acid in the nerve tissue accumulation, polyneuritis, the patient’s skin is easy to dry, so that patients appear itchy skin or insect crawling and other abnormal feelings. About 7% of diabetic patients with generalized or restricted itchy skin.
5, pregnant women with itchy skin, healthy pregnant women in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, the occurrence of generalized itchy skin is mostly due to internal biliary stasis, clinically known as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women often have itchy skin on the abdominal wall in late pregnancy, which is due to the overstretching of the abdominal wall and the stimulation of sensory nerve endings on the abdominal wall, not due to cholestasis, the symptoms are often mild and do not require treatment.
6, chronic renal insufficiency – uremia, the patient’s skin loses its luster, dry and flaky. As urea is discharged from sweat glands, it condenses into urea cream, which stimulates the skin and can cause uremic dermatitis, while making the patient feel oddly itchy; at the same time, increased parathyroid hormone in the patient’s body is also the cause of itchy skin.
What are the symptoms of itchy rash?
There are four types of itchy rash in the clinic, and different types have different symptoms.
1, pediatric itchy rash (hebra itchy rash, early onset itchy rash, light itchy rash), mostly in childhood onset, the lesions begin mainly as red papules, corn to mung bean size, but also can be a cluster or papular urticaria-like rash. The lesions start as red papules, corn to green bean in size, and can also be a rash or papular urticaria-like rash. Scratching may result in scars, crusts, or eczema-like changes. The extensor side of the limbs is the common site, but the back, head and face can occur. Self-perceived symptoms are intense itching, and pigmentation remains after the rash subsides. It can also recur. In a few patients, the rash continues into adulthood. The axillary and inguinal lymph nodes may be enlarged.
2, common itchy rash (simple itchy rash), most common in middle-aged men and women, the damage is an arc of round papules, green bean to pea size, the top of the papules have tiny blisters, the surface of the blisters break with a plasma crust, the damage appeared in batches, causing intense itching, due to long-term scratching can appear scratching, mossy and pigmentation, a few cases after healing, leaving a dotted scar. The rash is usually found on the extremities of the limbs and the trunk and buttocks. The damage disappears naturally within a short period of time, but sometimes recurs.
3, nodular itchy rash (warty stubborn urticaria), the damage starts as a light red or red papule, and soon becomes a dome-shaped solid nodules, from pea to nail size, usually gray-brown or reddish-brown. The surface of the damage is keratinized, rough, wart-like, and firm to the touch. The nodules may also be scratched, resulting in blood scabs, scratches, and mossy lesions on the top of the nodules. The lesions often occur on the extremities, especially on the extensor side of the lower leg, but may also occur on the back or other areas. The nodules tend to be arranged longitudinally along the limbs. The disease is mostly seen in adults, with women being the majority.
4. Pregnancy itch rash, often occurs in women in their second pregnancy, with damage appearing in the third to fourth month of early pregnancy, or the last two months of pregnancy. It usually disappears on its own 3 to 4 weeks after delivery. The rash is usually found on the upper trunk and proximal extremities. The basic rash is an itchy papular rash, sometimes with papular eruptions, which may appear after scratching, scratch marks, blood crusts and pigmentation.
How is the diagnosis of itchy rash confirmed?
Based on the fact that the rash is mostly erythematous, papular and nodular damage, occurring symmetrically in an arc, and most often on the extremities, especially on the upper extremities, with intense itching, it is not difficult to diagnose. Pathological section examination reveals: mild hyperkeratosis and hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, hypertrophy of the spinous layer, occasional sponge formation and small blisters, edema of the connective tissue in the upper dermis, and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration. A nonspecific mossy tissue reaction was observed with epidermal hyperkeratosis, epidermal crest prolongation, intercellular edema, basal cell liquefaction, perivascular cell infiltration, and vasodilated pigmented areas showing pigment incontinence. Occasionally, increased eosinophils in the peripheral blood are seen.
How is itchy rash treated?
Topical treatment can be used in the clinical setting, with antipruritic and anti-inflammatory agents, such as glyburide lotion and various glucocorticoid preparations. Systemic treatment is also available.
1.Anti-allergic treatment, two or more antihistamines can be used in combination or alternately, supplemented with vitamin C, calcium and intravenous sodium thiosulfate.
2, for the rash is widespread, itching is intense, can also use procaine intravenous closure.
3. For patients with neuropsychiatric factors, sedative-hypnotic drugs can be given to inhibit neuroexcitability to relieve symptoms, such as diazepam, once a night.
4, for difficult cases can be short-term systemic use of glucocorticoids such as prednisone, 3 times a day, after the symptoms are relieved, gradually reduce the amount to stop. 3. physical therapy chaff bath, starch bath, sulfur bath and tar bath to reduce itching; for difficult patients can try narrow-spectrum medium-wave ultraviolet therapy.
Warm reminder: medication treatment is for reference only, please refer to the doctor’s orders for specific treatment.
How to prevent itchy rash?
Precautions to prevent itchy rash.
1, maintain a regular life, strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, adapt to changes in cold and heat.
2.Actively search for and remove the cause, treat chronic lesions, adjust gastrointestinal function, and exorcise intestinal parasites.
3, underwear and underwear to keep clean, underwear should be soft and loose, to cotton fabric is good. Because chemical fiber clothing is easy to generate static electricity, the body surface cells due to the stimulation of static electricity prone to discomfort, so should avoid wearing chemical fiber clothing close to the body.
4, pay attention to the adjustment of gastrointestinal function, to light, vitamin-rich fresh vegetables and soybean products is preferred; avoid tobacco, alcohol, chili, strong tea, coffee and other stimulating foods; keep the bowel movement smooth, so that the accumulation of allergenic substances out of the body in a timely manner.
5, because the causative factors of the disease are complex, it is often difficult to determine the cause of the disease, which brings some difficulties to the treatment. It is advisable to try to find the cause of the disease and to cure it. Prevent insect bites, correct symptoms of gastrointestinal dysfunction such as diarrhea and constipation, and treat those with lesions. Pay attention to improving nutrition and hygiene.
What are the dietary care measures for itchy rash?
To treat nodular itchy rash diet should be careful to avoid cold, sticky, hard and spicy foods, while itchy rash diet can be used.
Kelp and green beans and barley soup – materials: 50 grams of kelp, 100 grams of green beans, 50 grams of barley, sugar appropriate amount. Production: wash and chop the kelp, and mung beans, barley with the boil until cooked, add sugar to mix, take in portions. Once every other day, for 7 days.